Lub vaj hauv lub khob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los coj xwm rau hauv koj lub tsev. Tag nrho cov tseem hu ua lub raj mis vaj, nyob rau hauv lub npe Hermetosphere los yog Ecosphere, tshwj xeeb thoob dej yug ntses. Muaj ob peb yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum teeb tsa thiab ua haujlwm zoo li no. Yog nws xaiv cov thawv tsim nyog thiab cov nroj tsuag, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm substrate los yog cov qauv kom raug.
Mini biosphere nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub raj mis vaj
Ib qho chaw nyob hauv lub khob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hu ua lub raj mis vaj. Nws tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si qhib iav ntim thiab kaw. Lub tom kawg yog hu ua lub hermetosphere thiab yog tus kheej-muaj ecosystem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug me me, sealable iav hlab ntim nrog cov nroj tsuag.
Cov nroj tsuag nqus dej los ntawm substrate thiab ib nrab evaporate los ntawm lawv nplooj. Qhov no tsim condensation rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv thiab drips mus rau lub substrate nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nag, qhov twg nws yog muaj rau cov nroj tsuag dua. Lawv tau txais cov as-ham los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuag. Cov nroj tsuag siv photosynthesis los lim carbon dioxide los ntawm huab cua thiab tso oxygen.
Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau
- Airtight iav hub
- Muaj peev xwm tsawg kawg yog ob litres
- Low-nutrients substrate
- Txiv qaub-dawb, tshuaj lom neeg nruab nrab hom gravel
- Lava granules, nthuav av nplaum, pumice pob zeb los yog av fillings
- Cuttings lossis offshoots ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsim nyog
- Cardboard yob los yog cov pa funnel rau sau
- ntoo sticks los yog tweezers ntev rau ntxig cov nroj tsuag
- Sieve rau ntxuav pob zeb
Lub nkoj zoo
Thaum xaiv lub thawv iav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nws yooj yim sau. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub raj mis ib txwm siv, tab sis cov thawv ntim nrog qhov qhib me ntsis yog qhov zoo dua. Lawv yuav tsum tau bulbous thiab kaw, nrog lub hau los yog cork stopper. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Cov nkoj uas muaj cov duab tshwj xeeb xws li lub iav teeb nrog lub tswv yim zoo rau dai, classic khaws cia lossis khoom qab zib hub los yog lub raj mis zoo nkauj nrog qhib loj yog qhov zoo tagnrho.
Tip:
Cork kaw yuav tsum tau muab ntim tshwj xeeb ua ntej, txwv tsis pub lawv tuaj yeem ua pwm.
Lub zoo meej substrate
Tsis yog txhua lub substrate haum rau cog lub vaj lub raj mis. Cov substrates tsis tsim nyog, xws li cov pa hauv av, yuav pwm sai heev. Txoj cai substrate yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua haujlwm mini-biosphere.
- Nws yuav tsum ruaj khov, ntxhib-grained, ruaj thiab tsis compact
- Inorganic cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug grain loj ntawm 2 mus rau 6 hli yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws
- Airy thiab dimensionally ruaj khov nthuav av nplaum zoo li tsim
- Bas alt grit thiab lava granules, ua tsaug rau qhov qhib, ntxeem tau qauv
- Pumice pob zeb thiab Akadama, pob zeb ntshiab ntshiab, haum
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Substrates zoo li Seramis tsis haum kiag li
Material is not dimensionally ruaj khov
Yuav ua rau tsis pom kev ntawm cov iav phab ntsa
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob calcareous substrates xws li marble gravel, vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm hloov qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub khob. Dab tsi tsis ua hauj lwm tag nrho yog pre-fertilized, lag luam muaj potting av. Nws maj mam condenses, uas cuam tshuam kev sib pauv roj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov rot. Nws kuj tso tawm cov as-ham, uas ua rau undesirably lush nroj tsuag loj hlob.
Txoj kev xaiv tsob ntoo
Nyob ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm lub khob, qeeb-loj hlob thiab cov nroj tsuag me me yog tsim rau cog. Lawv yuav tsum muaj zog, zam tsis tu ncua noo noo thiab tsis muaj cov as-ham, muaj sia nyob tsis muaj hnub ci ncaj qha thiab feem ntau muaj cov kev xav tau zoo sib xws. Cov huab cua nyob hauv lawv qhov chaw ntuj yuav tsum zoo ib yam li qhov ua tau rau cov hauv iav. Cov kab txawv xws li cov orchids mini los ntawm ntau hom orchid thiab bromeliads yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau lub vaj hauv lub khob. Mosses xws li peat mosses, me me ferns, ornamental peppers, zebraweed, mini kab laug sab nroj tsuag, kab laug sab (Tradescantia) thiab txawm carnivorous nroj tsuag kuj ua tau zoo heev. Lawv yuav tsum tau noj qab nyob zoo thiab tsis muaj kab tsuag.
Tip:
Dought-hlub cacti thiab succulents tsuas yog haum rau qhib lub raj mis lub vaj.
cov lus qhia ua ntu zus
Ua ntej sau, lub khob ntim yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si thiab tom qab ntawd yaug nrog dej ntshiab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, ob qho tib si pebbles thiab lub raj mis tsis muaj kab mob. Granules tuaj yeem rinsed nyob rau hauv ib lub sieve nrog dej kom tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab lwm yam av. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib.
Fillage
Lub substrate rau lub mini ecosystem yuav tsum txhawb cov pa oxygen, xyuas kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm noo noo thiab tiv thaiv cov hauv paus hniav los ntawm rot. Yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum zoo tag nrho. Cov txheej hauv qab yog gravel los yog coarse-grained granules, nyiam dua nthuav av nplaum los yog lava granules. Yog tias lub khob qhib me me me, koj tuaj yeem siv lub funnel ua los ntawm cov duab los yog ib qho kev pabcuam zoo sib xws los sau nws. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug rau hauv pem teb. Thaum kawg, txheej txheej no yuav tsum muaj li ntawm 10-20 feem pua ntawm tag nrho qhov siab ntawm lub khob iav thiab yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv ob theem.
Tip:
Qhov zoo nkauj tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv pob zeb sib txawv lossis granules.
Ntxhais cov nroj tsuag
Yog tias koj siv cov nroj tsuag potted, ua tib zoo co tawm cov av, yog tias ua tau yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hauv paus hniav. Tau kawg koj tuaj yeem siv cuttings lossis offshoots ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsim nyog.
- Yuav cov cag hauv qab dej
- Tau lub thawv nrog ob feem peb ntawm cov substrate
- Ntxig thiab tso cov nroj tsuag siv tweezers lossis zoo sib xws
- Tom qab ntawd sau rau hauv seem substrate nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj
- Zoo tshaj nrog funnel
- Cov hauv paus yuav tsum tau them tag nrho
- Tsuas ntxig cov txiav thiab tawm ntawm cov pob zeb
- Paj mosses rau saum txheej substrate
- Yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv qee cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj
- Thaum kawg, dej maj mam nrog dej qis, dej nag zoo tshaj plaws
- Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua nws hauv theem dua
- Tsis txhob dej nyab txhua tus nqi
- Rau cov nkoj me, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los siv lub pipette
- Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj dej pom lossis sau hauv qab
Tip:
Nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej me me biosphere. Koj yuav tsum xyuas kom tseeb tias tsuas yog siv cov ntaub ntawv uas tiv taus huab cua thiab tsis yog ntoo uas raug kev puas tsuaj.
Ntxiv cov decomposers
Indispensable rau lub ecosystem ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv mini hom thiab tseem ceeb me me pab yog cov kab mob. Lawv ua haujlwm tu pab neeg nrog rau av thiab tub ceev xwm noj qab haus huv thaum lawv noj cov pwm thiab cov nroj tsuag tuag. Tropical springtails (Collembola) thiab dawb woodlice (Trichorhina tomentosa) tau ua pov thawj tshwj xeeb. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv chav tsev huab cua qhuav, tab sis nws txawv kiag li hauv lub vaj lub raj mis; cov tsiaj txaj muag no hnov zoo nyob hauv tsev ntawm no. Ib tug xam nyob ib ncig ntawm 10-15 qauv ib liter ntawm lub nkoj ntim. Thaum kawg, lub khob los yog lub raj mis kaw lawm.
Tip:
Yog tias muaj dej ntau dhau hauv khob, cia nws qhib ob peb hnub kom txog thaum cov dej ntws dhau lawm.
Nco ntsoov tias koj muaj qhov chaw zoo
Lub teeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov chaw. Txawm hais tias qhov chaw ci ntsa iab yog qhov tseem ceeb, lub hnub ncaj qha yuav tsum zam ntawm txhua tus nqi. Yog tias koj tsis ua li no, cov iav kub kub tuaj yeem ua rau cov nplooj hlawv thiab qhov kub hauv lub thawv kom nce nrawm dua li 40 degrees. Qhov no rhuav tshem lub raj mis zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws yog sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj lossis sab qaum teb sab hnub poob qhov rais lossis qhov chaw ci ntsa iab, tshav ntuj hauv chav tsev. Ib qhov chaw tsis muaj hnub ci ntuj kuj ua tau. Txawm li cas los xij, teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau muab rau ib ncig ntawm kaum ob teev hauv ib hnub.
Kev saib xyuas rau lub mini biosphere
Ib qho chaw nyob hauv ib lub khob feem ntau yog kev txhawb nqa tus kheej, qhov tseeb tias txhua yam ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim, thiab lwm yam, los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov phab ntsa iav sab hauv yog misted thaum sawv ntxov thiab qhuav tawm hauv chav kawm. ntawm hnub. Yog tias qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem, nws raug nquahu kom qhib lub khob iav luv luv thiab cia cov dej noo ntau dhau kom dim. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj yuav tsum qhib nws yog tias koj pom cov nroj tsuag muaj mob lossis rotting thiab tshem tawm lawv.
Ecosystem hauv daim ntawv Ecosphere
Ntxiv rau lub vaj lub raj mis ib txwm muaj, tseem muaj lub npe hu ua Ecosphere. Qhov no yog lub thoob dej yug ntses tshwj xeeb uas nws cov neeg nyob hauv, xws li cov ntses me me, qwj thiab cov kab mob, tau ntim rau hauv lub khob kaw rau xyoo tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Ib tus kheej muaj, nws tus kheej txaus ecosystem thiab me me hauv qab lub vaj kaj siab. Txhua yam nws xav tau yog qee qhov tsis ncaj qha tshav ntuj thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
Qhov txawv ntawm lub mini biosphere lossis hermetosphere uas tau piav saum toj no yog lub thawv ntim dej, zoo li lwm lub thoob dej yug ntses. Lub Ecosphere yuav tsum tau 6-12 teev ntawm tshav ntuj thiab chav tsev kub ntawm 15 txog 30 degrees.
Nws ua haujlwm li cas
- Algae nqus cov ntsev ntsev los ntawm dej
- Ua pa oxygen siv lub hnub ci
- Ciav nqus pa oxygen
- Lawv tso carbon dioxide
- Qhov no yog dab tsi algae siv rau photosynthesis
- Bacteria converts cw excretions mus rau hauv cov khoom tuag thiab nutrient ntsev
- Lawv pub algae
- Algae thiab kab mob ua zaub mov rau cw
Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv khaws cia thoob dej yug ntses no muaj teeb meem vim tias khaws cov tsiaj hauv cov hlab ntsha kaw tsis zoo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov cw hom uas tsis hloov mus rau lub neej nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig zoo li no. Tej zaum lawv yuav tuag sai heev. Cov tsiaj me no tsis muaj chaw ntau lossis ntau qhov chaw nkaum. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov thawv me me.
