Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm conifers, botanically Coniferales, suav nrog txhua tsev neeg ntawm conifers. Los ntawm thawj zaug sequoia mus rau spruce, los ntawm thuja mus rau fir. Lawv txhua tus thiaj li hu ua gymnosperms thiab muaj cov koob tshuaj ntsuab. Qhov no ua rau lawv txaus nyiam heev tsis yog rau kev cog qoob loo xwb. Hedges nrog Thuja lossis Leylandii cov nroj tsuag yog nrov heev uas lub sij hawm conifer feem ntau siv synonymously rau hom hedge. Hauv qab no yog saib ntau yam duab thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsev neeg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Coniferous ntoo
Cov conifers tuaj yeem muab faib ua conifers uas dais cones, xws li firs, pines, spruces, thiab ntoo uas dais berries, xws li cypresses, thuja thiab yews. Cov hom nrov tshaj plaws rau qhov opaque hedge twv yuav raug hu los ntawm pawg txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Botanically, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm conifers muab faib ua xya tsev neeg. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm peb tsev neeg no feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv peb lub vaj hauv Central Europe:
- Yew family (Taxaceae)
- Pine tsev neeg (Pinaceae)
- Cypress tsev neeg (Cupressaceae)
Coniferous ntoo yog ntxiv subdivided raws li lawv qhov siab:
- Cov ntoo me: qhov siab txog li 10 meters
- ntoo loj: nruab nrab ntawm 10 thiab 20 meters
- ntoo loj: siab dua 20 meters
Qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo los yog hedge thaum kawg yuav nyob ntawm qhov chaw, kev saib xyuas thiab pruning. Feem ntau, kev loj hlob qhov siab tshaj 10 meters tsis yog haum rau peb lub vaj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qeeb-loj hlob hom, xws li creeping juniper thiab lwm yam dwarf cov ntaub ntawv, yog zoo meej rau lub txaj tsim los yog rau cultivation nyob rau hauv planters.
Cov nroj tsuag
Cov genera thiab hom ntawm tsev neeg cypress yog nyob deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrov tshaj plaws. Ntawm no nws yog qhov loj hlob sai, lub caij ntuj no-hardy hom. Piv txwv li cov cypresses cuav (Chamaecyparis), bastard cypresses (Leylandii) thiab arborvitae (Thuja). Saib ntawm kev loj hlob tus cwj pwm, qhov siab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm qee cov nroj tsuag nrov hedge los ntawm kev txiav txim siab coniferous.
Leyland cypresses (Cuprocyparis Leylandii)
Lub Leylandii tuaj yeem loj hlob tshaj 20 meters siab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo thiab tsis muaj pruning. Lawv loj hlob sai heev. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau qhov tsim nyog pruning ntawm Leyland cypresses, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov opaque thiab zoo hedge.
- Txoj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: 50 cm rau 1 m
- Qhov siab nyob ntawm qhov chaw: 8 txog 25 m
- Dav: mus txog 4.50 m
Nrov ntau yam ntawm Leyland cypresses rau hedge cog:
- Green Leyland cypress (ntsuab ntoo cypress, giant cypress): loj hlob sai heev
- Yellow Bastard Cypress (khob. Leylandii Gold Rider): loj hlob sai heev
Cypresses (Chamaecyparis)
Muaj ntau hom ntawm cov cypresses cuav. Qee tus ntawm lawv zoo li ua liab qab los ntawm cov hauv qab no, uas yog vim li cas Chamaecyparis hedges feem ntau txiav nqaim rau sab saum toj kom lub teeb txaus rau cov nplooj hauv qab.
- Txoj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: kwv yees li 30 cm
- Qhov siab nyob ntawm hom thiab qhov chaw: 8 txog 25 m
Nrov ntau yam ntawm cuav cypresses rau hedge cog:
- Blue cone cypress 'Ellwoodii' (Chamaecyparis law. 'Ellwoodii'): feathery, xiav-ntsuab koob
- Blue Cypress (Chamaecyparis txoj cai. 'Columnaris Glauca'): xiav-ntsuab; slim loj hlob
- Yellow columnar cypress (Chamaecyparis law.'Ivonne'): daj daj; slim loj hlob
- Steel xiav cuav cypress (Chamaecyparis txoj cai. 'Alumii'): xiav-grey rau steel xiav; qeeb hlob
Tree of Life (Thuja)
Thujen feem ntau siv rau kev cog qoob loo. Lawv tsis loj hlob sai li Leylandii, tab sis lawv yog cov tuab heev. Lawv loj hlob nqaim thiab feem ntau columnar lossis me ntsis conical. Tsuas yog plaub mus rau tsib xyoos koj tuaj yeem loj hlob ib tsob ntoo zoo nkauj txog li ob metres los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hluas.
- Txoj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: txog 40 cm
- Height: 10 to 30 m
- Dav: 3 txog 5 m
Noj thuja ntau yam rau hedge cog:
- Thuja Brabant (Thuja occ. 'Brabant'): loj hlob sai heev; zoo heev
- Thuja Smaragd (Thuja occ. 'Smaragd'): qeeb-loj hlob; loj hlob densely thiab sib npaug
- Thuja Martin (Thuja plicata 'Martin'): loj hlob sai heev; ci ntsuab rau tsaus ntsuab; Kev loj hlob zuj zus
Juniper (Juniperus)
Tus juniper uas loj hlob sai heev tsis tsuas yog tsim cov tuab tuab, siab hedge. Nws muaj peev xwm txawm muab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm intruders nrog nws cov koob ntse. Txawm li cas los xij, juniper xav tau qhov chaw tshav ntuj. Qee hom columnar tshwj xeeb yog tsim rau hedge cog.
- Kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: 15 cm
- Height: 4 to 6 m
- Dav: mus txog 3 m
Nrov juniper ntau yam rau hedge cog:
- Suav juniper (Juniperus chinensis 'Obelisk'): rau unformed thiab tsim hedges; Long pointed koob
- Common juniper (Juniperus communis 'Hibernica'): ntom loj; taw tes, xiav-ntsuab koob
- Rocky Mountain Juniper (Juniperus scopulorum 'Skyrocket'): loj hlob sai rau siab hedges
Spruce (Picea)
Spruce ntoo kuj tseem siv tau los teeb tsa ntom ntom, siab heev. Lawv saib zoo tshaj plaws thaum lawv tsis tau txiav thiab lawv cov duab zoo nkauj yog showcased. Thaum cog, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb ciam teb yuav loj hlob los yog tawg.
- Txoj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: txog li 50 cm
- siab: tshaj 50 m
- Dav: mus txog 6 m
Nrov ntau yam ntawm spruce rau hedge cog:
- Spruce (Picea abies): zoo haum rau topiary; ceev thiab loj hlob
- Serbian spruce (Picea omorica): rau tej yam ntuj tso, unformed hedges, slim thiab compact
- Spruce (Picea pungens): rau qhov tuab tuab, txiav cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua
Yew (Taxus)
Tshwj xeeb ntawm cov European yew (Taxus baccata) los yog hybrids ntawm Nyiv thiab European yew feem ntau yog cog rau ib leeg cog thiab hedges. Cov yew zam pruning zoo heev thiab tsim kom muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom. Nws hlob sai sai thaum hluas thiab qeeb thaum nws loj tuaj.
- Txoj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo: kwv yees li 20 cm
- Height: 10 m
- Width: 10 m
Nrov ntau yam ntawm yew rau hedge cog:
- Fastigiata Yew (Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata'): rau nqaim hedges; hlob qeeb, mus txog 2 m siab
- Khob grater (Taxus media 'Hicksii'): rau siab, loj hlob dawb thiab trimmed hedges
- Dwarf yew (Taxus cuspidata 'Nana'): rau qis hedges; loj hlob qeeb heev
Tsev ntoo
Ntau ntawm cov conifers uas siv rau hedge cog kuj zoo tagnrho rau kev cog qoob loo. Daim ntawv loj hlob ntuj thiab qhov siab xav tau kawg ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab ntawm no. Hauv qab no yog ob peb lub tswv yim ntxiv rau kev cog qoob loo.
Cov ntoo nruab nrab, cov ntoo ntsuab uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab txog li 20 meters
- Blue spruce (Picea pungens 'Koster')
- Mane spruce (Picea breweriana)
- Pinus aristata (Pinus aristata)
Cov nroj tsuag ntsuab ntsuab loj tshaj 20 meters siab
- Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
- Spruce los yog Norway spruce (Picea abies)
- Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum)
- Scotch lossis liab Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
- White fir (Abies alba)
- Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca')
Tip:
Ntxiv rau cov tsev neeg hais ntawm no, kuj muaj qee cov tsev neeg txawv txawv. Lawv yog cov tsis tsim nyog raws li hedges nyob rau hauv peb kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li ib tsob ntoo solitary, eg. Piv txwv li, Chilean Araucaria tuaj yeem yog qhov muag tiag tiag. Nws laus dua, nws zoo dua nws muaj sia nyob rau lub caij ntuj no German.
Dwarf forms
Cov ntaub ntawv dwarf loj hlob qeeb yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov vaj me me hauv ntej, rau qhov ntxa, ua hauv av lossis rau lub lauj kaub cog qoob loo. Ntau ntawm cov cultivars tsuas yog tswj kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm tsib centimeters. Lawv ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm ib ncig ntawm 50 cm, qee qhov mus txog ib 'meter'.
Qee yam paub zoo thiab ntxim nyiam ntawm cov ntawv dwarf coniferous yog:
- Muscle cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Gracilis')
- Dwarf balsam fir (Abies balsamea 'Piccolo')
- Silver fir (Abies procera 'Blue Witch')
- Dwarf roob ntoo thuv (pinus mugo 'Carstens Wintergold')
- Dwarf Pine (Pinus leucodermis 'Compact Gem')
- Sugarloaf spruce (Picea conica 'Sanders Blue')
Conclusion
Ntawm cov ntoo coniferous muaj ntau yam kev saib xyuas yooj yim thiab ntau yam uas tsim kom muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom. Ntxiv nrog rau txhua qhov chaw thujas thiab cypresses, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam yew thiab spruce. Qhov ceev cov conifers loj hlob, yooj yim dua lawv txiav mus rau hauv cov duab thiab cov denser lawv ua. Yog tias koj muaj kev ua siab ntev me ntsis thiab tsis yog nyob ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug cov ntxaij vab tshaus, koj yuav pom qhov tshwj xeeb ntxim nyiam ntawm cov nroj tsuag qeeb-loj hlob coniferous. Rau ib lub hedge, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv evergreen thiab hardy conifer ntau yam.
