Thaum koj tus hlub rose bush dheev tig xim av, ceeb poob rau hauv. Puas yog tus kab mob dreaded fungal? Yog muaj, qhov twg? Thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, kuv yuav ua li cas?
Lwm qhov xwm txheej: Kev ntshaw rau cov paj hauv lub vaj zoo heev! Tab sis ntau npaum li cas koj hnov tias roses yog heev raug rau kab thiab kab mob. Koj puas tseem yuav twv? - Yog, nws yeej tsim nyog nws! Vim muaj ntau yam uas yuav ua tau los ntawm qhov pib kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qis li sai tau.
Cov duab puas, kuaj mob
Hmoov tsis zoo, muaj ntau yam kab mob fungal uas tshwm sim lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov xim av ntawm cov paj ntoo. Feem ntau, muaj ob hom kab mob fungal uas muaj ntau heev rau Roses: dub sooty pwm thiab sawv xeb. Downy mildew kuj tshwm sim me ntsis tsawg zaus, pib nrog xim av me ntsis ntawm nplooj.
Star sooty dew
- Cov kab mob pom txij lub Plaub Hlis, Tsib Hlis
- Ntsuab nplooj hlob nyob rau sab qis
- muab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nplooj saum toj
- Spots round, irregularly shape
- Stains dub-xim av
- Stains radiating tawm ntawm ntug
- Nyob ib puag ncig cov pob daj, txiv kab ntxwv-reddish xim
- cov nplooj tig daj thaum lub caij ntuj sov
- Nkauj tawm tshiab
- Assimilation txwv
- Rose qaug zog heev
- txhob muaj paj tshiab
- Tub tsis ripen
- txias frosts hardiness
Rose Rust
- Kab mob tshwm sim rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav
- Nplooj saum toj qhia daj, rusty liab me ntsis
- Spots with dark edges
- Stains tig brownish to black
- Stains sib koom ua ke
- Pab hauv qab ntawm nplooj elongated spore bearings
- Spores thawj daj ces tsaus xim av
- Nkauj tawm tshiab
Ntsuab mildew
- Cov kab mob pom saum nplooj ntoos
- dub, violet me ntsis
- Cov pob tsuas yog txwv los ntawm cov nplooj nplooj
- Stains tom qab reddish xim av
- Spots on underside of leaf brown
- qhov no ua rau greyish fungal txheej
- Stems kuj qhia reddish me ntsis
- Nkauj tawm tshiab
- Pob qhuav qhuav
- kev loj hlob
Star sooty dew
Roses feem ntau tawm tsam los ntawm lub hnub qub sooty pwm (Diplocarpon rosae). Lub hnub qub sooty pwm, tseem hu ua kab mob black spot, yog ib qho ntawm ascomycetes.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub sooty pwm yog huab cua noo, kub ntawm 10 ° C thiab 15 ° C thiab nplooj ntub dej uas kav ntev tshaj li xya teev.
Txog thaum nws pom cov xwm txheej zoo, nws siv lub caij ntuj no hauv av, hauv cov nplooj poob, kab mob, tua thiab buds. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev tsis tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Tom qab ntawd lawv tsim cov spores, uas tsuas yog kis tau thaum lawv ntsib cov xwm txheej zoo. Tej zaum lawv yuav tau tos ntau xyoo rau qhov no. Txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias tshaj -15 ° C tsis tuaj yeem ua mob rau lawv.
Rose Rust
Rose xeb (Phragmidium mucronatum) tsis tshwm sim tsis tu ncua raws li lub hnub qub sooty mildew. Nws yog ib tug thiaj li hu ua parasitic me fungus thiab belongs rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm xeb fungi. Rau nws lub neej voj voog, dhau ntawm kev kis tus kab mob, nws mus txog tsib hom kab mob spores. Nws overwinters nyob rau hauv kab mob nplooj los yog twigs.
Cov kab mob no pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum nplooj ntub dej li ob teev lossis ntau dua thiab kub ib ncig ntawm 20 ° C. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cov spores kis los ntawm cua.
Ntsuab mildew
Peronospora sparsa los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim Peronosporales ntawm qe fungi, loj hlob nyob rau hauv nplooj cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm nws cov tswv tsev nroj tsuag. Cov spores yog kis los ntawm huab cua thiab los ntawm dej txaws. Nws overwinters nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag raws li ib tug tuab-walled, resistant spore. Downy mildew pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ntub dej, huab cua txias. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov av noo siab ntawm 15 ° C mus rau 20 ° C yog qhov pom zoo.
Combat
Thaum koj pom ib qho ntawm peb kab mob fungal ntawm koj cov roses, koj yuav tsum ua sai sai. Nws tuaj yeem lig dhau lawm rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob lom. Yog tias ua tau, cov kab mob fungal no tsuas yog tshem tawm tag nrho nrog fungicides (tshuaj lom tiv thaiv fungi). Raws li spores, lawv tsis yog tsuas yog pom xwb, tab sis kuj muaj zog heev uas lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau. Cov kev ntsuas thiab cov zaub mov qhia hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv rau tag nrho peb cov kab mob fungal.
First Aid
- tshem tawm cov nplooj thiab cov nroj tsuag
- pov tseg hauv cov khib nyiab
- los yog hlawv
- Disinfect Rose txiab tom qab (nrog dej kub, cawv)
- yog tias tsim nyog, kho nrog fungicide (saib cov tshuaj chemical)
- Zoo sawv (saib cov kev ntsuas nrog)
Nrog kev ntsuas
Yog tias muaj kab mob fungal, sawv nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog. Zoo ib yam li cov neeg mob, tam sim no lawv xav tau txhua yam kev txhawb nqa uas lawv tuaj yeem tau txais los txhawb lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kos av: tus nqi pH yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 5.5 thiab 7
- Yog cov av acidic dhau lawm, muab algae los yog pob zeb hmoov av
- dej tsis tu ncua nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav (muaj kuab heev)
- Tau cov av thiab tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag
- tsis txhob fertilize nrog nitrogen tseem ceeb
- Rose with horsetail tshuaj yej cumshot
- txwv tsis pub dej los saum toj no, ib txwm ze rau hauv av li sai tau
- ntxuav cov av ib ncig ntawm Rose kom huv si ua ntej thiab tom qab hibernation
Tip:
Yog tias koj paub txog cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem sau comfrey nplooj thiab stems thiab siv lawv los mulch cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Rose kom ntxiv dag zog rau nws.
Chemical Agents
Yog tias muaj cov kab mob fungal uas twb muaj lawm, tsuas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem pab tau. Koj tuaj yeem paub txog cov kev kho mob ntawm tus kheej ua ntej los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Noj. Lawv khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag uas tau pom zoo rau cov vaj ntiag tug.
Muaj cov khoom xyaw sib txawv, qee qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau muv, lwm tus tsis yog. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no tseem rhuav tshem lwm cov kab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li kab mob cab. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias lawv tsis siv txhua. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum qhia koj tus kheej kom meej ua ntej siv los yog nrhiav tswv yim los ntawm ib lub chaw zov me nyuam tshwj xeeb.
Kev tiv thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob fungal yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua, txawm tias siv zog ntau, ntsuas. Tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas txaus siab rau lub vaj ecological ntuj nrog ntau cov roses yuav ua tiav thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, zoo siab dua nrog hom kev tswj no.
Location
Ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej rau kev noj qab haus huv roses yog lawv qhov chaw. Nws yuav tsum tau xaiv kom muaj huab cua zoo. Qhov no tso cai rau cov nplooj kom qhuav sai sai tom qab txhua txhua nag da dej. Tsis tu ncua damp foliage yog caw rau fungal spores.
Qhov chaw tshav ntuj yog qhov zoo tagnrho, tab sis tsis nyob hauv ib lub ces kaum tiv thaiv los ntawm cua. Txhawm rau kom qhov cua zoo dua, koj yuav tsum tau xyuas kom muaj kev cog qoob loo txaus los ntawm lwm cov roses lossis nroj tsuag. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob cog ib lub rose tshiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas ib tug rose yav tas los sawv. Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov no, cov av yuav tsum tau hloov siab dav.
Tip:
Ib lub pruning zoo kuj ua kom muaj qhov cua txaus ntawm cov rose.
Soil, fertilize
Cov av yuav tsum yog loamy, humic thiab permeable, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj xwm txheej compacted thiab tas li moist. Roses nyiam qhov qis-acid substrate. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum ceev faj nrog nitrogen-based chiv. Kev loj hlob sai sai nyiam aphids.
Feem ntau, ntau cov as-ham yuav ua rau cov rose tsis muaj zog. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsuas yog fertilize nrog organic chiv los yog compost.
Tip:
Ib qho tsis muaj poov tshuaj tuaj yeem raug them rau los ntawm kev ua qoob loo nrog kas fes lossis rhubarb. (Cov tsos mob ntawm cov poov tshuaj tsis txaus: paj tseem me me, cov nplooj me me liab me ntsis)
Nyob zoo
Xwm muaj ntau yam khoom uas yuav muab tau rau sawv daws los tiv thaiv kab mob fungal. Qee qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntxiv txawm tias thaum pib kis. Cov lus qhia rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob lom tiv thaiv kab mob fungal:
Soda
Thaum budding pib, tsuag cov roses nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm dej thiab baking soda rau ib pliag, txhua 14 hnub.
Recipe
- 10 litres dej
- 50 grams ntawm baking soda
qej
Thaum thawj buds pom, nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis, kis qej broth ntawm nplooj thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv av. Zoo tshaj txhua hnub thib ob lossis thib peb. Rov ua tag nrho yam tsawg kawg peb zaug.
Recipe
- 10 litres dej
- 75 grams qej
- Raws cov cloves thiab ua ntej boil lawv nrog ib liter dej
- cia sawv ntsug tsawg kawg 24 teev
- ces strain and dilute
Tip:
Muab qej cloves rau hauv av ncig lub roses. Lawv yog npaj los ua kom cov ntxhiab thiab khaws cov voles tam sim ntawd. Nws yuav tsum tau kuaj seb qhov no puas tseem pab tiv thaiv kab mob fungal thiab aphids.
Muaj
Ib qho dej-mis nyuj sib tov kuj tau hais tias pab tiv thaiv kab mob fungal. Yam tsawg kawg, raws li qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev tshaj lij tau pom, nws tuaj yeem nres qhov kab mob. Ua li no, npaj ib qho sib tov hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1:10 (mis: dej) thiab ua raws li "baking soda"..
Manures, tshuaj yej, dej txias extracts thiab broths
Txau thiab ywg dej nrog qee yam kev npaj cog yog kev tiv thaiv zoo los tiv thaiv kab mob fungal. Thaum hnyav diluted hauv dej irrigation, lawv tuaj yeem siv tau ua chiv. Ceev faj nrog comfrey thiab nettle, lawv muaj nitrogen ntau.
Kev kho mob los tiv thaiv kab mob fungal yuav tsum tau ua txhua ob lub lis piam txij lub Plaub Hlis. Cov hnub huab cua zoo tshaj plaws, nrog lub teeb cua kom cov nplooj tuaj yeem poob sai sai.
Txiv neej
Muab cov nroj tsuag tshiab lossis qhuav qhuav rau hauv lub thawv nrog dej txias hauv lub hnub. Npog airtight thiab do txhua hnub. Fermentation yuav tsum tau ua tiav. Txau cov quav tshiab (npuas nce) mus rau cov nroj tsuag hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1:50 nrog dej. Haum: nettle, comfrey.
Tea
Ncuav dej npau npau hla cov nroj tsuag thiab cia lawv ntxhab li 10 feeb. Tom qab ntawd siv 1:10 lossis 1:20 dilution. Piv txwv li: qej, dos.
Cov dej txias txias
Rau cov dej txias, cov khoom tshiab lossis qhuav qhuav yog tsau rau hauv dej ntev li peb hnub. Fermentation yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim. Cov kua strained tuaj yeem siv undiluted los yog hauv qhov sib piv 1: 1 nrog dej. Haum rau cov kab mob fungal: teb horsetail, nettle, comfrey
Tshuaj
Rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, siv 1 kg ntawm ntses los yog cov nroj tsuag qhuav hauv 10 liv dej. Ua ntej, cov khoom yog soaked nyob rau hauv ib tug me ntsis dej rau ib hnub thiab boiled rau ib nrab ib teev. Tom qab ntawd txias, lim thiab dilute nrog dej. Qhov kev npaj no nrog teb horsetail yog haum rau cov kab mob fungal.
Tip:
Khaub luam yeeb hauv dej 1-2 hnub, tab sis tsis boil, kuj hais tias kom txhob kis kab mob fungal.
Fungal resistant Rose ntau yam
Kawg tab sis tsis kawg, qhov pib thaum pib, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob fungal los ntawm kev ua kom paub tseeb tias yuav cov Rose ntau yam uas tiv taus cov fungus li sai tau. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov chaw zov me nyuam muaj feem yuav pab tau thaum yuav khoom. ADR foob kuj txheeb xyuas qhov muaj kev ntseeg siab heev thiab tam sim no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog rose ntau yam.
ADR stands rau "General German Rose Novelty Test". Qhov no yog ib pawg kws tshaj lij los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv German (BdB) thiab cov neeg cog qoob loo. Lawv kuj kuaj cov kab mob tshiab kom pom seb lawv puas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob rau lub sijhawm sim peb xyoos yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab thiab, tau kawg, tsis muaj kab mob.
Qee (ob peb) piv txwv ntawm tshwj xeeb yog fungus-resistant, robust sawv ntau yam:
- 'Heidesommer' dawb, Kordes 1985
- 'Snowflake' dawb, Noack 1991, ADR Rose
- Rosa rugosa 'Alba', dawb, Neeg Esxias qus sawv
- 'Graham Thomas', daj, David Austin 1983
- 'Felicitas', liab, Kordes 1998, ADR Rose
- 'Compass Rose', lub teeb liab, Noack 1993, ADR Rose
- 'Lub Alexandra Rose', liab-daj, David Austin 1992
Conclusion
Yog tias koj tsis xav nqis peev ntau lub sijhawm rau kev saib xyuas Rose, tab sis tseem tsis xav kom tsis txhob poob rau cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj, xav tau, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov zoo thaum yuav khoom. Yog tias pom muaj kab mob fungal thaum ntxov xyoo, qhov phem tshaj plaws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, txawm tias tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab. Kev paub tau pom tias lub teeb thiab airy qhov chaw rau Rose yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm cov kab mob fungal.
