Cov txiv ntoo columnar (tsis tshua muaj: columnar apple) siv qhov chaw me me, tab sis ua haujlwm nyuaj rau cov xeeb ntxwv, piv txwv li nws cov txiv apples. Nws yog ntau tus neeg sib tw rau lub me me, zoo vaj. Nws kuj txiav ib tug zoo (tus ncej-zoo li tus) daim duab ntawm lub sam thiaj thiab terrace. Txawm li cas los xij, nws xav tau yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntau npaum li nws cov txheeb ze qub. Nyob ntawm ntau yam, nws loj hlob ntawm ob thiab plaub meters siab thiab tsuas yog 50 centimeters dav, uas piav qhia lub npe columnar txiv apples rau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li no.
Nyob & Av
Freeland
Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm cov columnar txiv apples muab tso rau hauv lub teb. Txoj kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov siab tshaj plaws tau sau tawm los. Ib feem ntxoov ntxoo rau qhov chaw tshav ntuj yog qhov zoo tagnrho. Lub hnub ci txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub hnub tsawg dua, cov paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsawg dua. Lub columnar txiv apples zoo li ib tsob ntoo ib leeg, tab sis koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias, zoo li cov txiv apples ib txwm, nws feem ntau tsis yog tus kheej-pollinating. Nws xav tau lwm tsob txiv apple nyob ib puag ncig.
Visually, nws ua rau ib tug zoo kawg nkaus impression nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab, piv txwv li cog raws li ib tug hedge los yog me me screen ntiag tug rau ib qho chaw zaum. Ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab qab ntxiag qhov muag-catcher, kuj yog rau cov muv thiab ntau cov paj npleg ya.
Substrate
Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov av yog nruab nrab siab. Lawv tsis txawv ntau npaum li cas ntawm ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb thiab ornamental nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub vaj. Sib sib zog nqus, xoob thiab dej-permeable vaj av yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, compacted, feem ntau clayey av yog unsuitable. Ua ntej cog, generously tov lub vaj av nrog nplua nuj compost yog zoo tagnrho.
Bucket
Cov txiv ntoo columnar kuj xav tias nyob hauv tsev hauv lub lauj kaub. Dab tsi ntxiv, yog tias koj siv ob peb lub tswv yim saib xyuas rau hauv tus account, nws txawm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab yog li ntawd yog tsob ntoo ornamental thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tib lub sijhawm.
Leej twg muaj tsob txiv apple ntawm lawv lub sam thiaj?
Thaum yuav khoom, koj tuaj yeem xaiv tsis muaj zog-loj hlob, ntau yam me me uas haum rau cov cog qoob loo. Lub columnar kua yuav tsum tau ib lub thawv loj, yam tsawg 30 litres. Lub lauj kaub yuav tsum tsis txhob sawv ncaj nraim rau hauv av, tab sis theej ntawm me me terracotta taw lossis ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws. Qhov no tso cai rau cov dej ntws zoo dua. Thov nco ntsoov cov hauv qab no thaum potting:
- vim dej zoo
- Substrate: xoob, me ntsis acidic
- suitable: potted cog av, xuab zeb, thawj pob zeb hmoov
- kwv yees. repot txhua tsib xyoos
- muag av
- Tsis txhob haus dej
- tiv thaiv lub caij ntuj no: nrog fleece, mulch
Tip:
Qhov chaw nyob hauv qab (tiv thaiv los nag) txij thaum tshwm sim (Lub Peb Hlis) txog rau thaum pib lub Rau Hli. Qhov no yog kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv kab mob fungus. Tab sis kab yuav tsum muaj pub dawb.
Pov
Ib qho rhiab me ntsis yog xav tau thaum nchuav. Qhov dej ntws zoo dua, qhov looser thiab permeable av ntau dua, qhov kev ua yuam kev ntau dua yuav raug zam. Yam tsawg kawg thaum nws los txog dej ntau dhau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob waterlogging thiab ziab tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag pob.
Yeej, cov txiv apple columnar xav tau cov dej noo ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau moisten nplooj nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog tias huab cua qhuav heev rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hnub qhuav los yog thaum huab cua dries tawm ntawm nplooj thiab av, nws txaus siab rau kev ua kom tsis muaj dej los yog hose. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, tsob ntoo txiv apples tuaj yeem watered me ntsis ntawm cov hnub qhuav, tsis muaj Frost.
Fertilize
Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws, cov txiv ntoo columnar muab cov qoob loo nplua nuj nyob hauv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Vim nws txoj kev loj hlob tus cwj pwm, yuav luag tsis muaj cov ceg ntoo thiab cov nplooj qis qis, nws yuav tsum tau txais ntau lub zog los ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab fertilization yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj qoob loo nplua nuj.
Muab me ntsis compost ib xyoos ib zaug tsis txaus. Qhov kev pom zoo dav dav yog li ntawd kuj tseem suav nrog nitrogen-raws li cov chiv mus sij hawm ntev rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum budding pib. Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj, ib tug fertilizer nrog ib tug high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov poov tshuaj ua kom muaj zog tiv taus Frost. Nws txhawb nqa woodiness.
Nyob hauv lub thoob nws tseem ceeb dua los muab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov as-ham. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua qhov no yog muab cov kua chiv rau hauv cov dej hauv dej txhua ob lub lis piam. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, ntxiv horn shavings los yog compost tuaj yeem txhim kho lub substrate.
Txiav
Yog tias koj xav khaws cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov txiv apple columnar thiab kev cia siab rau kev nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov raug txiav. Radical txiav yog ib qho tsis mus, ib yam li lub ntsiab lus "cia nws loj hlob."
Raws li txoj cai, columnar apple tree hlob upwards on one shoot. Lub crown tapers heev nqaim rau saum. Yog tias koj xav kom lawv ua kom me me, koj tuaj yeem mus rau ob lossis ntau lub hauv paus tua, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub tias qhov no muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov txiv apples, ob qho tib si zoo thiab ntau.
Yog tias koj tseem xav kom ceg nce toj lossis yog lub hauv paus tua tau loj hlob dhau lawm (tom qab 8 xyoo thaum ntxov), nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua qhov kev txiav no (derivation) thaum Lub Yim Hli, ces qhov kev loj hlob tshiab yuav tsis ua kom muaj zog. Qhov kev txiav yog capped saum lub qhov muag uas taw qhia ncaj nraim mus rau sab.
Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau pruning ib txwm yog lub Ob Hlis thiab Lub Peb Hlis, ua ntej tsob ntoo sprouts dua. Tau mus ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej ntse ntse:
- tshem cov ceg tuag
- muab ntoo, kab mob
- tshem tawm ntev, ncaj dej tua
- tshem tawm sab tua nce toj
- Tshem tawm sab tua uas ntev dua 20 cm
- tshem cov ceg ntoo hlais
- txhob sab ceg uas ntev dhau
Tip:
Thaum ua haujlwm pruning koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov khaws tag nrho cov tsos ntawm cov txiv apples hauv siab.
Yuav kom tau txais ntau cov txiv apples noj qab haus huv raws li qhov ua tau, thinning yuav tsum tau ua dua thaum pib ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov no tseem ceeb cais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tseem tshuav muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua los ua kom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab, noj qab nyob zoo.
Hloov
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov txiv apples tsis tuaj ze rau cov qoob loo ntawm cov txiv apples raws li cov qoob loo, saj thiab ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm columnar txiv apples tawm me ntsis rau qhov xav tau ntawm tsev neeg. Lub sij hawm ntawm sau, rau ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, yuav tsum yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau raws li optimally li sai tau. Feem ntau, noj lawv sai sai lossis ua tiav rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, jelly lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pheej yig dua li sim cia lawv siav lossis khaws cia ntev dua.
Tip:
Ntau yam uas muaj xim nqaij tawv (xws li Baya Marisa) yog qhov zoo tshwj xeeb thaum ua tiav rau hauv cov kua jelly.
Kabmob & Kab Tsuag
Hmoov tsis zoo, kab mob thiab kab tsuag tsis nres ntawm tsob ntoo txiv apple. Yog li ntawd, qhov chaw zoo thiab kev saib xyuas zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tsis muaj leej twg xav ua haujlwm nrog tshuaj hauv lawv lub vaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau qoob loo.
Apple scab
Ib qho kab mob tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm velvety, grey lossis xim av ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov me ntsis qhuav thiab ua scabby thiab tawg. Qhov no ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo deformed. Nplooj thiab tua tuag. Raws li kev ceev faj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov dej ntawm nplooj tuaj yeem ntws tawm yooj yim tom qab los nag lossis tom qab moistening. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw airy. Thaum cog rau hauv pawg lossis kab, cov ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob sib ze heev. Cog nrug kwv yees li 50 centimeters.
Mildew
Powdery mildew yog lwm yam kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov txiv apple columnar. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm nplooj thiab tua yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no. Nws tshwm raws li xim dawb-grey txheej ntawm nplooj. Kab mob nplooj, tua thiab twigs yuav tsum tau txiav tawm thiab rhuav tshem tam sim ntawd. Txau tsis tu ncua nrog lub decoction ntawm qej los yog nettle ntxiv dag zog rau cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv kab mob fungal.
Apple Blossom Picker
Pab paj tawg paj yog kab kab uas hom paj. Ib qho kab mob tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm cov paj tawg ntxov ntxov. Tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg, tsuas yog qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog kom muaj cov pejxeem ntawm cov weevils kom ntau li ntau tau los ntawm kev sau lawv.
codling npauj
Tus npauj npauj yog ib tug maggot uas lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tiav. Muaj ob peb lub tswv yim ntawm no kom muaj cov khoom muag:
- Sau cov pom tsiaj
- Setting pheromone ntxiab
- tsuag tsuag tsis tu ncua nrog wormwood broth los yog nettle manure
- muab txiv hmab txiv ntoo maggot catch belt
Aphids
Lub ubiquitous aphids kuj tua txiv ntoo. Lawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau yooj yim los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas stems thiab tua. Thaum koj pom aphids, koj yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd thiab tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txwv tsis pub, cov kev ntsuas maj mam tawm tsam aphids pab: nettle decoction, soapy dej thiab siv cov tsiaj nyeg.
Varieties
Cov tam sim no ntau yam ntawm columnar txiv apples tag nrho rov qab mus rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qub cultivar McIntosh. Ntxiv rau qhov no yog cov txuj ci ntawm cov neeg ua teb thaum lub sijhawm. Ntawm lwm yam, lawv nrhiav pom cov duab columnar raws li qhov tshwj xeeb thiab muaj kuab heev ntawm cov txiv ntoo ib txwm muaj thiab sim nrog lwm yam.
Cov duab yog nyob rau hauv cov noob ntawm columnar txiv apples. Yog li ntawd, tsis tas yuav tsum siv zog ntau dhau los ua kom zoo li no niaj hnub no. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias tsob ntoo txiv apple columnar tsis yog tsuas yog bred los ua tsob ntoo ornamental, tab sis ntau ntau yam kuj tseem ceeb rau kev nplua nuj thiab cua sau.
Hnub no, thaum yuav ib tsob txiv apples, koj tau lwj rau kev xaiv thaum nws los txog rau qhov tsos ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab saj. Muaj ntau yam uas tsom rau kev loj hlob zoo nkauj, ci nplooj thiab me me, zoo nkauj, khov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thaum nws los txog rau robustness, muaj ntau yam nrog ntau theem ntawm rhiab heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub site tej yam kev mob tsis zoo tagnrho thiab rau potted nroj tsuag, nws yog tsim nyog ua rau koj xaiv nrog cov kev xav hauv siab. Kuj tseem muaj ntau yam uas zoo thiab tsis zoo rau kev cog qoob loo los yog kab cog.
Kev saib ntau yam nrog cov khoom tseem ceeb:
- 'Arbat' - qhov nruab nrab, muaj kua-qab zib txiv apples; heev slender stature; muaj zog
- 'Baya Marisa' - liab, nruab nrab-qhov loj, txiv apples qab zib heev; txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab; Frost hardy
- 'Black McIntosh' - liab tsaus, qab zib, muaj kua, nruab nrab txiv apples; haum rau beginners
- 'Cactus' - daj-ntsuab, qab zib thiab qaub txiv apples; Frost hardy; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Charlotte' - ntsuab-liab, txiv apples aromatic; 1st tiam
- 'Ginover' - tart, liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo; siab tawm los; ruaj khov zoo; zoo haum rau ci
- 'Goldcats' - daj, qab zib txiv apples; Frost hardy; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
- 'Golden Gate' - daj-liab, txiv apples qab zib; heev slender stature; zoo haum rau lub lauj kaub;
- 'Goldlane' - daj, muaj kua, qab zib txiv apples; siab tawm los; ruaj khov zoo; scab resistant;
- 'Greencats' - ntsuab, qab zib thiab qaub txiv apples; khaws cia; tawv heev; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Maypole' - ntau yam ornamental; luv luv; fungus tiv taus; txiv hmab txiv ntoo me me; 1st tiam
- 'Moonlight' - ntsuab, ntsim, qab zib thiab qaub txiv apples; muaj zog; thaum ntxov ntau yam; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Pomfit' - ci liab, nruab nrab-loj, delicately tart txiv apples; siab, tsis tu ncua yield; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Maypole'
- 'Pomfital' - liab tsaus, me txiv apples nrog nqaij liab; fungus tiv taus; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Maypole'
- 'Pomforyou' ('Lancelot')' - liab-daj, kua qaub; siab tawm los; muaj zog; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Maypole'
- 'Pomgold' - ntsuab, muaj kua, qab zib txiv apples; siab tawm los; tsis khawb resistant; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
- 'Pompink'('Ginover') - liab-ntsuab, txiv apples aromatic; siab tawm los; zoo nkauj nplua nuj paj; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Obelisk' hla nrog cov kua 'Topaz'
- 'Pomredrobust' - liab-daj, tart txiv apples; tawv heev; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
- 'Primo' (Campanula series) - liab-daj, finely aromatic, medium-qhov loj qhov txiv apples; zoo heev
- 'Red Lane' - paj liab, paj liab; ornamental ntau yam; luv luv; cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo me me nrog cov nqaij liab; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Maypole'
- 'Red River' - liab-daj, loj, ntsim txiv apples; ob peb sab ceg, yog li yooj yim txiav; kev loj hlob siab; muaj zog
- 'Redcats' - liab-daj, qab zib-tart txiv apples; muaj zog; Frost hardy; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
- 'Rhapsody' - liab-daj, txiv apples aromatic; qaug zog, compact loj hlob; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Rondo' - qab zib-qaub, liab, txiv apples loj; siab tawm los; ruaj khov zoo; resistant mus khawb thiab mildew; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Rotbäckchen' - tsaus liab, me ntsis qaub txiv apples; heev haum rau pots; gorgeous yellow Autumn nplooj
- 'Silver Pearl' - ornamental ntau yam; me me, txiv kab ntxwv-liab, qab zib thiab qaub txiv apples; hniav paj; muaj zog
- 'Sonata' - ntsuab-daj, nruab nrab-qhov loj me, kua txiv apples; qaug zog, nqaim loj hlob, zoo haum rau cov lauj kaub; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Starcats' - liab, khov, qab zib thiab qaub txiv apples; tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab aphids; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Tuscan'
- 'Suncats' - liab, me ntsis qaub txiv apples; muaj zog; Frost hardy; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
- 'Sunlight' - liab, nruab nrab-qhov loj me, txiv apples aromatic; scab resistant; 2nd tiam ntawm 'Telamon'
1st tiam ntau yam, tseem hu ua ballerinas, muaj npe hu ua las voos xws li 'Bolero', 'Flamenco', 'Polka' thiab 'W altz'. Thaum nws los txog saj ntawm lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv lub zog thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, lawv tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov tiam tom ntej.
Conclusion
Ntau yam ntawm ntau yam qhia tau hais tias yuav tsum muaj kev cog lus kiv cua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo columnar ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg nyiam ua vaj. Lawv tseem tsis tau pom tias feem ntau hauv lub vaj lossis ntawm balconies. Nrog rau lawv tus cwj pwm loj hlob txawv txawv, lawv yog qhov tshwj xeeb qhov muag-catcher, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm me me ornamental ntau yam, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau planters, kuj saj zoo heev.
