Txawm hais tias nws yog phab ntsa pob zeb, phab ntsa lossis staircase, kev tu yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab tsis yooj yim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj stains ntawm cov pob zeb. Hauv qab no koj yuav kawm yuav ua li cas xaiv lub pob zeb ntxuav kom zoo thiab yuav ua li cas ntxuav cov pob zeb kom zoo siv cov tshuaj hauv tsev:
Concrete: Tsis muaj khoom siv rau txhua tus ntxhua khaub ncaws
Qhob yog ua raws li ib daim ntawv qhia yooj yooj yim los ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas ntuj muab: Cement yog lub hauv paus thiab "kho txuj ci tseem ceeb" uas thaum kawg xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv pob zeb yog tsim. Cov khoom siv pob zeb no muaj npe tom qab Latin "caementum"="quarry pob zeb, lub tsev pob zeb" vim tias nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo zoo siv. Thaum nyob hauv cov neeg Loos cov neeg tsis muaj hmoo tau "tso cai" rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav, niaj hnub no cov cement tau tsim hauv cov cement ua haujlwm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw limestone thiab av nplaum (uas yog hu ua "marl" thaum lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntuj sib xyaw, ib yam li feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv.). Nws feem ntau tsis nres nrog cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim no; quartz xuab zeb thiab pob zeb uas muaj hlau oxide feem ntau ntxiv vim tias qhov sib xyaw tuaj yeem raug hlawv (" sintered") zoo dua li no. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos tam sim no tau muab tso rau hauv av thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom sov li ntawm 1,450 ° C kom qee qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Uas nyob rau hauv lem yog hauv av rau hauv cement tom qab txias nrog ya tshauv, gypsum, moj tej tawg rauv slag thiab limestone.
Nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no uas cov cement tsim ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb: Thaum nws tov nrog dej, muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov cement hardens thiab tom qab ntawd tseem muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cement no tseem tsis tau ua tiav, tab sis tsuas yog tus neeg sawv cev khi uas ua kom cov pob zeb ua kom tawv. Qhob tsuas yog tsim thaum aggregate nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xuab zeb los yog gravel, ntau yam additives thiab ces dej ntxiv rau cov cement. Thiab tsis yog ib daim ntawv qhia ua vaj tse xwb, tab sis muaj ntau yam; Nyob ntawm qhov sib tov, cov khoom ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom haum raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom ntawm pob zeb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, thiab ntau ntxiv yog tsim los tas li vim cov khoom xyaw tshiab thiab cov khoom ntxiv tau raug sim thiab siv tas li.
Qhov kev tsim khoom no tau piav qhia luv luv kom ntxaws ntxiv vim nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau koj txog kev ntxuav cov khoom: Nws tsis yog ib lub pob zeb uas koj tuaj yeem tua nrog txhua yam hauv lub khob ntxuav. Cov pob zeb muaj ntau yam khoom siv nrog cov huab cua sib xyaw, uas cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg thaum sib xyaw thiab tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus. Ib daim ntawv cog lus ntau dua los yog tsawg dua uas ua rau muaj kev ua yuam kev hauv ntau qhov kev tsim khoom: cov pob zeb sib xyaw yuav tsum raug xam kom raug thiab raug, thaum sib xyaw ua ke cov ntsiab lus huab cua raug yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv dej-cement piv, cov cai yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev thauj mus los. cov pob zeb tshiab, kom qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb tsis raug kev txom nyem; Thiab thaum pouring nws tus kheej, muaj ntau ntau txoj cai uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam, uas kuj muaj feem xyuam rau lub susceptibility ntawm pob zeb rau stains.
Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua rau thawj ob txoj cai rau kev ntxuav cov pob zeb, cov cai tseem ceeb tshaj plaws:
- Txawm li cas los xij, ntws, ntws mus rau hauv cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv tsev. Nyob ntawm cov khoom tawm thiab cov foob uas twb muaj lawm, tsuas yog so nws tam sim ntawd txaus lossis nws pom zoo kom nqus nws nrog cov khoom nqus dej ua ntej ntxuav
- Yog tias muaj cov khoom uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj xim lossis hnov mob nrog cov pob zeb, yaug tam sim nrog dej, yog tias tsim nyog ob peb zaug.
Pob zeb ntxuav rau phab ntsa, phab ntsa thiab ntaiv ua los ntawm cov pob zeb
Vim cov pob zeb nrov heev dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv rau sab hauv tsev, muaj ntau lub pob zeb ntxuav rau pob zeb. Cov pob zeb tseem tuaj yeem ntxuav tau zoo nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav pob zeb, tab sis tsuas yog tias koj yuav lub pob zeb ntxuav kom zoo. Acid tsis yog rau pob zeb, txawm tias tus neeg siv tshuaj ntxuav tes hais tias 10 zaus nws tuaj yeem siv tau rau pob zeb (acid yog siv los etch pob zeb rau qhov chaw uas lawv tau txais txhua yam kev kho tshwj xeeb).
Pob zeb ntxuav (tsis muaj kua qaub) tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam tshuaj los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj loj, uas koj yuav tsum paub txog tus kheej yog tias koj xav khiav hauv tsev tsis muaj cov tshuaj tseem ceeb. Nug rau daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb, uas teev tag nrho cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau teev tseg vim muaj kev phom sij rau daim ntawv lo. Daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv qhia tsis txaus vim nws tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau tiag tiag paub txog txhua tus neeg muaj.
Tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem qhia rau koj tias yog ib tus neeg siv khoom ntiag tug koj tsis muaj cai thov daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb (hauv "cov neeg siv khoom zoo hauv tebchaws Yelemes", tsuas yog cov neeg siv khoom lag luam yeej muaj qhov ntawd), tab sis qhov ntawd tsis muaj tseeb siv rau nws nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm Internet. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem qhia tus neeg muag khoom tias koj muaj cai tsis yuav los ntawm nws, nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb uas cuam tshuam hauv Is Taws Nem thiab tom qab ntawd mus yuav cov khoom muag rau lwm qhov lossis tsuas yog tsis yuav nws.
Thaum koj pom ib lub pob zeb ntxuav uas ua tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom xyaw, nws yog lub sijhawm los sim nws. Thiab yog tias ua tau, rau txhua hnub, lub teeb av, yog li koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev xav sai sai rau qhov kev siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua tau thaum koj xav tau tshem tawm cov av tawv.
Tip:
Muaj "lub pob zeb nqus tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws" (yog tias koj xav ntxiv ib yam dab tsi rau hauv dej, uas "woops" feem ntau ntawm txhua qhov ntub dej los yog ntub dej tu): Ib lub teeb dej qab zib uas tsis muaj kua qaub hauv nws thiab huv si maj mam. Rau kev tu lub hom phiaj, tshwj xeeb ntxuav dej qab zib yog muag, sodium hydrogen carbonate, uas, thaum yaj hauv dej, yog me ntsis txhoj puab heev thiab yog li ceev ceev kom huv (1 tbsp ib liter). Ntau tus neeg uas niaj hnub muaj cov dej qab zib ua noj hauv tsev kuj tuaj yeem siv cov dej qab zib no los sib tov cov dej qab zib los ntxuav cov pob zeb, uas yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov stains uas tsis tshua muaj staining yam tsis ua kom cov pob zeb puas.
Stain Prevention on concrete
Cov pob zeb tshiab yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv sai li sai tau thaum nws tau compacted hauv formwork. Hauv thawj ob peb hnub tom qab kev teeb tsa, kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig (ua kom sov sai heev lossis txias, ua kom ntub dej lossis ziab tawm, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob zeb ua rau muaj stains yog tias nws tsis raug tso cai rau kev sib haum xeeb hauv cov ntawv ci tshwj xeeb lossis rwb thaiv tsev.
Txawm hais tias koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj cov phab ntsa pob zeb, pob zeb pob zeb lossis pob zeb stairs nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tom qab nws tau hardened nyob ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw siv thiab yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv no yog tsim los ua kom lub ntsej muag xau-pov thawj, koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis, vim tias kev paub dhau los qhia tias nws tsis ua haujlwm zoo thiab ntev. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem muab koj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm ib qho khoom siv tau ntev thiab muaj raws li txoj cai tiv thaiv no.
Txwv tsis pub, qhov zoo tshaj plaws stain tiv thaiv rau cov ntsiab lus pob zeb yog tshem tawm cov stain kom sai li sai tau. Yog tias cov stains tshiab, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau thawj zaug siv cov khoom siv absorbent: chav ua noj lossis cov ntawv tso quav tso rau cov kua, xuab zeb thiab miv litter rau cov kua roj thiab cov kua roj, lub tshuab nqus tsev tshem tawm cov staining, granular masses. Tom qab ntawd cov stain yog kho nrog dej kub kom txog thaum tsis pom dab tsi - siv dej thiab tshem tawm, rov ua dua yog tias tsim nyog.
Kev tu kom huv rau phab ntsa, phab ntsa thiab ntaiv ua los ntawm pob zeb
Koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj ntxuav pob zeb tshwj xeeb, ntawm no yog lwm txoj hauv kev los ntxuav ntau qhov chaw pob zeb:
Qhia ua vaj tse
Cov pob zeb tawg yog cov pob zeb dawb huv, txawm tias nyob rau ntawm cov pob zeb tawg, uas yog vim li no ntawm cov pob zeb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tab sis cov pob zeb nthuav tawm zoo nkaus li zoo thiab yog li ntawd feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim sab hauv; Ntxiv rau cov phab ntsa, phab ntsa thiab cov ntaiv, kuj yog rau cov chaw ua haujlwm, cov chaw ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov rooj zaum, uas ua rau pom kev qias neeg txawm sai thiab meej dua.
Nrog rau cov pob zeb, txhua qhov kev sim ntxuav pib nrog dej ntshiab; raws li cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov rooj tog ua vaj tse, cov xab npum yooj yooj yim yuav tsum pab txhawb nqa. Cov stains tawv yuav tsum maj mam "softened los yog ntxuav tam sim ntawd" nrog ib tug curd xab npum tov.
Cov pob zeb tawg tuaj yeem ua rau oiled lossis waxed, txawm tias muaj kev kho mob hauv tsev; tab sis thov saib cov lus qhia rau thawj qhov kev txiav txim, muaj ob peb yam xav txog.
Precast qhob thaiv
Precast qhob thaiv yuav tsim efflorescence yog tias nws nyuam qhuav nchuav. Lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab kev tshem tawm tau tham txog qhov nthuav dav hauv tsab xov xwm "Tshem tawm cov stains ntawm paving pob zeb thiab pob zeb paving".
Screed flooring
Screed flooring feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem tam sim ntawd tom qab tsiv mus nyob rau hauv vim hais tias kev tsim kho residues xws li hluavtaws residues, pobzeb nplaum thiab xim yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Ib qho tshuaj ntxuav tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb yuav tsum xub siv ntawm no. Thov tsis txhob sim, tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum tau tsim los rau cov pob zeb no thiab qib ntawm kev sib kis. Yog tias cov nplais nplaum tawv tawv, yuav muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv huv si; siv rauj thiab chisel yuav tau txais koj nyob ntawd. Thaum cov nplaum nplaum ntau tau raug tshem tawm, txoj kev nrawm tshaj plaws kom tau txais thaj chaw zoo nkauj dua yog xuab zeb cov pob zeb me ntsis.
Cov roj stains tsis yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov plag tsev, txawm tias lawv tshiab:
- Cov stains tshiab ntawm lub teeb roj / roj tuaj yeem ntxuav nrog dej kub hauv qhov chaw tsim nyog, tab sis tom qab ntawd koj yuav xav tau cov dej kub npau npau thiab rov ua cov txheej txheem ntau zaus.
- Lwm txoj hauv kev yog nqus, nrog cov xuab zeb, miv litter, cov khoom lag luam muaj roj khi (uas yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm qhov stain rau lub lis piam) lossis cov ntaub tshwj xeeb rau nqus cov roj (xws li LanTex Plus), thiab tom qab ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog, ntub dej ua ntej cov dej qab zib tau piav qhia saum toj no, tom qab ntawd nrog dej npau npau.
- Cov roj uas ntws los ntawm lub tsheb mus rau hauv pem teb screed hauv chav nres tsheb yuav tsum tau nqus / khi li tshiab li sai tau, ces qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog degreaser hauv dej.
- Cov dej qab zib tuaj yeem siv dua los ua cov tshuaj degreaser; hloov pauv, lub tshuab ntxuav tais diav yaj hauv dej kuj tseem yuav ua haujlwm.
- Cov roj qub qub yuav tsum xub yaj ua ntej cov roj yuav khi thiab ntxuav tawm.
- Raws li qhov ceev / xim ntawm cov roj, qhov no ua haujlwm zoo dua nrog turpentine, cav txias ntxhua khaub ncaws, roj-Ex lag luam (muaj los ntawm Lithofin, piv txwv li), thiab lub tshuab ntxuav tais diav (lub sijhawm no yaj hauv dej kub) yuav tsum pab.
- Ncua cov roj uas yaj nrog daim txhuam cev uas yog nqus tau raws li qhov ua tau, tom qab ntawd txhuam cov stains ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj degreaser hauv dej, tom qab ntawd yaug nrog dej kub, ob peb zaug yog tias tsim nyog.
- Cov roj qhuav qhuav heev yuav tsum tau tsau maj mam, piv txwv li. B. nrog ib tug slurry ntawm chalk, nplua xuab zeb los yog pumice hmoov (pumice pob zeb hmoov) thiab dawb ntsuj plig, uas yog siv rau cov stains thiab them nrog ntawv ci. Soak txheej los ntawm txheej, txhuam tam sim ntawd, tsau dua kom txog thaum cov stain ploj mus.
- "Cov paj rwb ntaub plaub hau khawv koob" tsim los ntawm Deurex AG hauv Zeitz yog tshiab kiag li. Nws nyuam qhuav tau txais European Inventor Award thiab nqus cov roj tab sis repels dej.
Tip:
Garage floors feem ntau tau cov roj stains los ntawm lub tsheb, tab sis muaj cov sealants uas yog npaj los tiv thaiv cov pob zeb hauv pem teb; feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "paj xim", uas kuj ua rau hauv pem teb txaus nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, seb cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj puas ua raws li lawv tau cog lus yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom zoo. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kuab paug zuj zus tuaj; Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov xim pleev xim rau cov tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov yas hauv cov log tsheb.
