Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv nroog tau nkees ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv tsev loj thiab xav sau rau ntawm lawv lub sam thiaj. Qhov chaw txwv tsis pub muaj feem ntau nthuav dav los ntawm cov nroj tsuag dai lossis dai cov nroj tsuag hla lub sam thiaj. Lub dai strawberry yog li ntawd yog ib qho guarantee ntawm kev muag khoom rau ntev heev. Hauv qab no koj yuav pom tias nws tuaj yeem lav saj rau koj thiab koj tsev neeg:
Lub ntsiab dai strawberries
Cov dai txiv pos nphuab tau ntau xyoo los ntawm xyoo mus rau xyoo, thiab tam sim no koj yuav luag nyuaj siab thaum pib lub sam thiaj - tab sis "tiav tam sim ntawd" feem ntau tsis yog cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws: Internet nqa ntau cov duab dai. strawberries (ntawm super mega mail xaj qhov chaw) ntawm qhov screen uas txhua tus neeg siv Photoshop yuav pom tam sim ntawd zoo nkauj dhau los ua tiag. Thaum txoj kev cia siab ntawm kev nplua nuj sau ntau dhau lawm, tib neeg tsis saib ntau yam, tab sis cov neeg ua liaj ua teb hauv tsev thiab kev nyiam ua vaj tsev xaus nrog cov khoom zoo li no:
Giant Climbing Strawberry, Strawberry Giant Red Climbing, 30 Noob, Product Description: Giant Climbing Strawberries, Sweet and delicious. Ntawd yog tag nrho, koj tsis tau kawm txhua lub npe cog botanical, tsis muaj cultivar, tsis muaj dab tsi hais txog yuav ua li cas cov nroj tsuag tau tsa thiab tsis muaj dab tsi txog lub tuam txhab lag luam, uas tsis tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas hauv ib qho chaw hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Hauv cov lus pov thawj rau qhov kev thov no, ib tus neeg siv khoom qhia txog ntau cov nroj tsuag strawberry tom qab lub lis piam ntawm kev tos, lwm tus tau txais 2 lub paj daj thiab 0 txiv pos nphuab, qhov thib peb tau poob siab - xws li cov khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov nroj tsuag, koj tsuas yog tsis paub tseeb. seb thiab leej twg (raws li strawberries bloom dawb).
Yog tias koj xav tau cov khoom qab zib, nplua nuj sau, koj yuav tsum paub seb yuav yuav strawberry. Yog tias koj xaiv ib qho tshwj xeeb, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj puas nyiam nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis seb koj puas xav sim ntau yam ntxiv. Ib cag ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg strawberry xav tau, dai strawberries tau muab "bred" los ntawm ob hom strawberries (cov lus hais tau piav qhia ntxiv hauv qab no):
1. Lub hli strawberries
Lub hli strawberry yog ib daim ntawv cog qoob loo ntawm peb cov strawberry qus "Fragaria vesca", uas dais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntev dua thiab loj dua. Txhua hli strawberries, uas tsim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntev runners, yog cov zoo tshaj plaws-paub dai strawberries, e.g. B. nyob rau hauv ntau yam:
- Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens 'Blanc Amélioré' los ntawm Great Britain nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb tshwj xeeb
- Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens 'Gartenfreude' los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj
- Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens 'Magnum Cascade', yooj yim rau tu, sau lub sij hawm Lub rau hli ntuj - Kaum Hli
Muaj ntau ntau yam uas suav tsis txheeb nrog "kev txawj dai" uas muaj xws li strawberries txhua hli lossis dai strawberries, nyob ntawm tus neeg muag khoom kev lag luam kev txawj ntse. Kev lom zem zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus uas thaum kawg tau khoom noj txom ncauj tas li (vim nws noj qab nyob zoo); Txawm li cas los xij, cov dai strawberries tsis tsim cov txiv pos nphuab hauv qhov tseeb (rau cov txiv pos nphuab nrog nplawm, ncuav mog qab zib, jam).
2. Garden strawberries
Cov kab mob ntev dua cov txiv pos nphuab kuj tau "bred" los ntawm peb lub vaj txiv pos nphuab (uas dais cov txiv pos nphuab uas koj kuj yuav hauv lub plhaub hauv khw):
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Hanging Strawberry', dav muag, tab sis tsis paub tias yog ib qho kev cog qoob loo thiab yog li ib yam ntawm "sprise pob" qhov twg cov khoom qhia meej thiab kev ntseeg siab hauv cov khw muag khoom tseem ceeb
- Fragaria x ananassa hauv “Hummi ntau yam”
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Hummi Praline' thiab 'Hummi® KletterToni' (kuj nce toj strawberry Hummi Toni) tau hais tias zoo tshwj xeeb yog dai strawberries
- Fragaria x ananassa 'ELAN F1' yog ib tug hluas cultivar uas tseem muaj xws li nce toj strawberry.
Thiab lwm yam niaj hnub no, tab sis tib yam siv tau rau lub vaj txiv pos nphuab uas muaj cov txiv pos nphuab raws li "dai strawberries txhua hli ": Nws yuav tsis yog cov txiv pos nphuab tiag tiag, tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li khoom noj txom ncauj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov hom remontant (raws li cov kab mob puas tau hu ua cov lus technical) officially thiab feem ntau saj tsis zoo dua li ib txwm ntau yam ntawm vaj strawberries. Cov neeg cog qoob loo thiab cov neeg cog qoob loo koom nrog kev muag cov txiv pos nphuab zoo li no tuaj yeem nyeem qhov no hauv cov phau ntawv qhia txog kev cog qoob loo thiab kev lag luam ntawm strawberries (cov phau ntawv no muaj nyob rau ntawm de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gartenerdbeere), tab sis lawv pom tseeb tsis ua li ntawd.
Kev tsim ntawm dai strawberries
Saib ceev ceev ntawm lub hauv paus pib ntawm cov dai strawberries yuav qhia rau koj tias nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag tsis muaj dai strawberries txhua.
Muaj ntau qhov nce toj lossis nce toj nroj tsuag, hla ntau hom nroj tsuag; Hauv tsev neeg strawberry "Rosaceae" xav tau e.g. B. Nce toj roses, blackberries thiab raspberries siab los yog dai rau qhov chaw zoo nkauj.
Tsuas yog cov txiv pos nphuab tsis yog nce toj lossis nce toj tsob ntoo, tsis yog tag nrho thiab tsis muaj 20 hom, uas yog vim li cas koj yuav tshawb nrhiav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau "dai strawberry nroj tsuag "ntawm txhua tus tswv lag luam uas yog li ntawd. hnyav txog lawv txoj haujlwm uas lawv tsis nco qab, hloov npe lawv cov nroj tsuag rau kev lag luam. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov nroj tsuag strawberry yog cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj heev, 30 cm siab yog "muaj zog" los ntawm cov qauv strawberry.
Dai strawberries tau tsim los ntawm cleverly reshaping vegetative reproductive organs: strawberries sprouts ntev xov zoo li khiav los ntawm tuab, me ntsis woody rootstock, uas feem ntau "yuav" hauv av nyob ib sab ntawm niam cov nroj tsuag, coj hauv paus muaj thiab txuas ntxiv mus. loj hlob raws li ib tug tshiab strawberry.
Koj tuaj yeem ua tau ib yam dab tsi nrog qhov no, tus kws yug tsiaj xav rov qab rau xyoo 1950 thiab bred ib tus txiv pos nphuab uas muaj cov txiv pos nphuab uas cov neeg khiav dej num tsis tshua muaj hauv paus, tab sis ntev dua ob meters. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 11, 1956, Spiegel tau tshaj tawm qhov kev xav: Adolf Horstmann, tus thawj coj ntawm Horstmann & Co. wholesale chaw zov me nyuam los ntawm Elmshorn, Holstein tau yug me nyuam "German miracle strawberry". Lo lus dai strawberries tsis tshwm sim ib zaug hauv kab lus. Qhov "qhov kev xav loj tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo", uas "txhua qhov kev nthuav tawm ntxiv raug foob", tau piav qhia los ntawm cov tom qab ntawd "Neckermann ntawm cov neeg ua teb" (cov chaw xa khoom loj, 360 tus neeg ua haujlwm) ua "thawj cov kabmob espaliered strawberry uas muaj nyob hauv. lub ntiaj teb no". Qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm strawberry ntau yam, muaj npe tom qab nws tus ntxhais 'Sonja Horstmann', tau patented thiab sau npe raws li kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam los ntawm tus kws yug tsiaj, tab sis txawm tias nws cov phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws tsis tau kawm txog kev yug me nyuam zais cia.
Tus neeg yug tsiaj tiag tiag Reinhold Hummel, uas tau ua haujlwm ntawm strawberry txuj ci tseem ceeb rau 8 xyoo (kab lus tsis qhia vim li cas nws thiaj li ua qhov no tsawg kawg yog qhov kawg "nyob rau hauv nruj seclusion" thiab rau Horstmann), tsis tau. t qhia ntau ntxiv, tshwj tsis yog tias 'Sonja Horstmann' tau tsim los ntawm ntau hom strawberry uas dais ob zaug hauv ib xyoos thiab "American blood". Txawm hais tias tsis muaj patents los nrhiav tau rau 'Sonja Horstmann', tsawg kawg nyob rau hauv lub npe no, Hummel tau sau npe tshiab strawberry ntau yam 'Sonjana' ua "US cog patent No. 1691" hauv 1958. Sonjana tau tsim los ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm ntau yam 'Holstein' thiab 'Sonja Horstmann', dais thaum lub Tsib Hlis 25 thiab Lub Kaum Hli 15th thiab hu ua "nce toj strawberry" vim tias nws cov neeg khiav dej num muaj zog uas tuaj yeem rub tawm ntawm trellises lossis txhawb nqa.
Adolf Horstmann xav tau 5.75 qhab nia rau qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tshiab strawberry. Nyob rau xyoo 1956, yog tias koj ntxiv los ntawm cov nyiaj hli nruab nrab ntawm 403 qhab nia, hnub no nws yuav them peb € 40 rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo txuj ci tseem ceeb. Tej zaum ib yam dab tsi tsis ua hauj lwm, qhov liam 300,000 strawberry txiav txim tsis ua rau nws ib tug millionaire ntau zaus, tab sis Elsmhorner Nachrichten qhia lub tuam txhab kev lag luam poob rau xyoo 1988.
Reinhold Hummel tseem muag, piv txwv li. B. ntawm lub vev xaib uas twb tau hais lawm www.hummibeeren.de. Cov patented 'Sonjana' yuav yog leej niam ntawm tag nrho cov zoo nkauj 'hummiberries'; Hummel yeej tsis qhia rau peb paub qhov no, tab sis koj yeej paub tias koj tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov nroj tsuag nce toj, tab sis nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo li cov txiv pos nphuab, uas tsuas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai dua cov cag ntawm cov neeg khiav dej num.
Tip:
Keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev lag luam muaj vaj dai strawberry kuj qhia koj qhov chaw yug me nyuam nws yog hais txog: kev yug me nyuam uas tsim cov strawberry ntau yam rau kev lag luam txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog qoob loo (uas kuj tau raug muag raws li cov nroj tsuag txij li cov neeg nyiam ua liaj ua teb tau tshawb pom. raws li lub khw muag khoom). Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua lag luam no tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab yug me nyuam, thiab lawv paub tias tsis yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (uas qhov tseeb feem ntau ntog los ntawm txoj kev, raws li tuaj yeem nyeem tsis tu ncua hauv cov lus pov thawj ntawm cov rooj sib tham). Cov neeg ua teb hauv tsev uas xav sau cov txiv pos nphuab nrog cov txiv pos nphuab yuav tsum saib ib ncig ntawm kwv yees li 1,000 cov txiv pos nphuab qub.
Dab strawberries uas tsim tau zoo sau
Cov neeg cog qoob loo ntiag tug kuj tau sim nrog lub sijhawm sau qoob loo ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab qus, tab sis "tso lub saj hauv". Txaus ceg rau kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv lub teeb teeb pom kev zoo xws li. B. Cov nram qab no "qub strawberry ntau yam" (" laus" raws li ib lub sij hawm sib sau ua ke rau cultivars uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txwm yug me nyuam tawm ntawm chemical laboratories):
- Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens 'Quarantaine de Prin', ib zaug yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Fabkis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tam sim no loj hlob hauv me me hauv cheeb tsam Poitou rau lub npe nrov 'Confiture de Quarantaine'. Tsis tshua muaj txhua hli strawberry, cua, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntev, yeej tsim nyog cog thiab txuag.
- Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens 'Weiße Hagmann', ntau yam uas tsim tau zoo rau lub caij nplooj zeeg nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb uas yog puag ncig thaum pib lub caij ntuj sov thiab elongated tom qab xyoo.
Tsis yog 'Sonjana' xwb bred los ntawm vaj strawberries, tab sis kuj e.g. B. too:
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Mara des Bois', aroma me ntsis reminiscent ntawm qus strawberries, "confectioner's strawberry" rau ncuav mog qab zib
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Giant Strawberry los ntawm Romania', liab-flowering dai strawberry nrog siab ornamental nqi thiab ci liab qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Ntau cov txiv pos nphuab tuaj yeem "dai kom zoo nkauj"
Txhua cov txiv pos nphuab ib txwm ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, txhua tus txiv pos nphuab ib txwm muaj kev loj hlob "hloov" rau hauv dai strawberries nyob rau hauv ib lub tawb dai. Yog tias koj xav tau cov txiv pos nphuab tiag tiag thiab sau tag nrho, koj tuaj yeem sim ntau yam hauv qab no hauv lub tawb dai:
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Dicke Berta', muaj zog Rhineland strawberry ntau yam nrog kev loj hlob muaj zog, ci liab thiab muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Macherauchs Marieva', deliciously fruity strawberries with me acidity that are also tolerated by allergy sufferers
- Fragaria x ananassa 'Russe Gigant', Lavxias teb sab ntau yam nrog loj, qab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws muaj zog loj hlob ib leeg puv ib tug loj dai pob tawb
- Fragaria moschata 'Askungen', musk strawberry los ntawm Sweden nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab liab qab
- Fragaria nilgerrensis, apricot strawberry, apricot aroma tsis raug cov txiv pos nphuab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub teeb heev
Tip:
Txheej pob tawb sai thiab yooj yim nce qhov chaw cog, tab sis feem ntau yog cov lus nug zoo nkauj lossis kim. Koj tuaj yeem dai cov lauj kaub cog ib txwm nrog kev ua kom yuam kev: Txuas cov kab sib txuas yooj yim (2 × 1 m, 2 hli hlau, tuaj yeem txiav kom loj nrog cov txiab hauv chav ua noj) rau lub sam thiaj phab ntsa thiab dai koj lub lauj kaub rau ntawm lawv. Nrog NW nyuam qhuav pom hlau hooks los yog nyob rau hauv elaborate macrame wrappings, nyob ntawm seb koj tus kheej style.
Nco thiab tu nws
Ranging strawberries, tsis hais ntau yam, tsis nyuaj rau tu ntau dua li cov txiv pos nphuab. Ntawm cov no (tsawg kawg ntawm cov noob qoob loo tiav), strawberry connoisseurs thov tias lawv txhua tus tau yooj yim saib xyuas - yam tsawg kawg ntawm cov nquag loj hlob, khiav-ua hom qub - cov av zoo, ob peb cov organic as-ham, dej yog tias tsim nyog, thiab cov txiv pos nphuab hlob.
Txhua yam uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog yog qhov yooj yim dua rau kev saib xyuas, vim lawv txhua tus muaj zog heev. Cov neeg pib tshiab tuaj yeem paub txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem cog thiab kev saib xyuas hauv cov khoom "Balcony strawberries", "Sowing thiab loj hlob strawberries", "Qhov zoo tshaj plaws substrate rau strawberries", txwv tsis pub cov nram qab no tshwj xeeb nta siv rau dai strawberries:
Vim cov txiv pos nphuab tsis nce toj tsob ntoo, lawv tsis tsim cov leeg, txawm tias lawv tawv ncauj npaum li cas los xij. Koj cov nroj tsuag strawberry yuav yog li ntawd tsis cua nws txoj kev nyob ib ncig ntawm ib qho kev pab nce toj ntawm nws tus kheej (txawm tias cov lus piav qhia muag hais li ntawd). Yog tias koj xav tau cov txiv pos nphuab kom loj hlob hla ntawm ntug ntawm lub lauj kaub nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia (zoo dua ntawm lub hnub, kom qab zib thiab aroma), koj yuav tsum yuam kom lawv ua li ntawd; Txhim kho cov pioneering rods, hlua, hlua thiab khi cov neeg khiav dej num zoo rau lawv. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj puas tuaj yeem tig cov strawberry trailing mus rau nce toj strawberry los ntawm khi ob peb tus neeg khiav mus rau kev pab nce toj saum toj.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kabmob ib leeg, uas tsuas yog fertilized dua nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg tom qab sau qoob loo, ntau yam uas muaj kabmob yog fertilized los ntawm kev tshwm sim rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nyob ntawm tus nqi loj hlob, txhua ob lossis ib zaug ib lub lim tiam koj tuaj yeem paub ntau ntxiv txog cov chiv pom zoo hauv kab lus "Fertilize strawberries kom raug".
Tip:
Yog tias koj tshem tawm tag nrho cov paj uas tshwm sim ua ntej lub Rau Hli, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsim ntau cov neeg khiav thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau dua.
Wintering
Rau ntau yam coj mus muag nws tsuas ua tau 2 mus rau 3 xyoos xwb vim cov nroj tsuag ces tag lawm. Qee cov cultivars qub tau hais tias tsim cov qoob loo zoo mus txog rau kaum xyoo. Txawm hais tias koj tshem tawm cov neeg sau qoob loo tom qab sau lossis tsuas yog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav yog qhov teeb meem ntawm saj, saib cov kab lus "Overwintering balcony strawberries".
Cov nroj tsuag feem ntau yog uncritically hardy (yog hais tias ib tug kab txawv txawv yog rhiab rau qhov no, koj yuav tau txais kev ceeb toom ntawm qhov no nyob rau hauv cov lus piav qhia). Txawm li cas los xij, strawberries nyob rau hauv dai pob tawb tsis muaj qhov ntim ntawm cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv li strawberries nyob rau hauv lub vaj thiab xav tau ib co kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, koj muaj peev xwm siv lub lauj kaub ntawm lub sam thiaj, piv txwv li. B. qhwv nws nrog npuas qhwv lossis lwm yam khoom siv insulating thiab dai nws ze rau ntawm phab ntsa tsev.
Tip:
Frost-free wintering nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub vaj (txoj kev), qhov twg mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub neej ntawm thawj strawberry nroj tsuag koj muaj peev xwm kuj cia runners cag nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub rau lub caij tom ntej (dej me ntsis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab).
