Orchids yog cov nroj tsuag nyiam tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau muab khoom plig vim lawv ntau yam thiab zoo nkauj ntawm paj. Txhua tus neeg uas muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb thiab xav hla kev yug me nyuam yuav raug ntxias kom nthuav tawm lawv tus kheej, txawm tias muaj kev xaiv loj hauv khw. Txawm li cas los xij, hobby gardeners tau ntsib nrog qee qhov teeb meem thiab peculiarities. Sowing thiab loj hlob orchid noob tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav yog tias ob peb lub tswv yim thiab cov lus qhia raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Fertilization thiab noob sau
Loj hlob orchids koj tus kheej tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev sib tw zoo thiab tsim cov kev tsim tshiab tshiab - tab sis cov teeb meem pib nrog fertilization. Yog hais tias lub paj yuav fertilize nws tus kheej, qhov tshwm sim yuav yog ib tug tsis muaj noob tsim los yog noob uas tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm germinating. Cov paj yog li ntawd tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kheej-fertilization los ntawm lawv cov qauv. Qhov no ua rau phau ntawv pollination nyuaj dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsuas yog paj ntoos lossis pollinia, raws li lawv tseem hu ua orchids, los ntawm lwm cov paj lossis, zoo dua, lwm hom orchid ntawm tib hom yuav tsum tau siv. Lawv tsis tas yuav tawg tib lub sijhawm, tab sis pollinia yuav tsum tau txais thaum lub sijhawm. Kev sau thiab khaws cia pollinus yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Nyob ntawm seb hom orchid, hobby gardeners yuav tsum xub saib xyuas cov qauv ntawm lub paj. Lub pollinia zaum hauv qab lub hau, lub npe hu ua anther cap. Lub pollinia muaj ob lub pob paj daj, kheej kheej paj ntoos uas txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm cov ceg luv luv.
- Rau qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov paj ntoos orchid, paj yuav tsum tau qhib rau peb mus rau plaub hnub.
- Lub kaus mom anther yog tom qab ntawd ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm lub paj siv tus pas txhuam hniav los yog taw tes tweezers. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tias pollinia txuas rau lawv thiab raug tshem tawm ncaj qha. Hauv qhov no, cov paj ntoos tsuas yog muab tshem tawm nrog tus txhuam hniav lossis lub hau rub tawm nrog tweezers.
- Yog hais tias lub orchid tsis tuaj yeem lossis yuav tsum tsis txhob fertilized tam sim ntawd, cov pollinia muab tso rau hauv lub thawv airtight thiab khov kom txog thaum lawv siv.
Seed capsule
Tau kawg, qhov no tsuas yog thawj kauj ruam xwb, vim tias cov paj ntoos tseem yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov qias neeg rau kev tsim cov noob. Qhov no tuaj yeem lees paub hauv txhua lub paj orchid vim nws zoo li lub kwj dej thiab ua rau lub zes qe menyuam. Hauv qee hom orchid nws kuj tau them nrog cov kua nplaum. Txhawm rau kom cov noob tuaj yeem tsim, fertilization yuav tsum tau nqa los ntawm tes. Cov lus qhia qhia yuav ua li cas:
- Rov qab rau hnub peb lossis plaub hnub tom qab lub paj qhib, lub stigma yog thawj zaug. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias nws nyob qhov twg, koj tuaj yeem nug ntawm lub khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb lossis siv cov duab cuam tshuam los ua kom koj tshawb nrhiav yooj yim dua.
- Lub pollinia - nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm khov variant, ntawm chav kawm thawed ua ntej - yog sib cais los yog muab tso rau ntawm stigma raws li ib tug ob peb pob. Ntawm no thiab, ntoo toothpicks lossis taw tes tweezers pab.
- Kev tiv thaiv, lub paj npaj tuaj yeem npog nrog lub hnab pob tshab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no feem ntau tsis tsim nyog.
Thaum cov kauj ruam no tiav lawm, yuav tsum ua siab ntev. Nyob ntawm lub orchid, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob mus rau cuaj lub hlis kom txog thaum qhov tseeb fertilization tau tshwm sim thiab pollinia tau loj hlob ua ke nrog kev qias neeg. Nws yog ib qho cim zoo yog tias cov paj tawg sai sai tom qab ntsuas thiab zes qe menyuam thickens.
Tip:
Raws li lwm txoj hauv kev khaws cov noob koj tus kheej, cov no kuj tuaj yeem yuav los ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb lossis hauv online. Tseem muaj cov kiv cua ntiag tug orchid uas yuav muab pov tseg lossis pauv cov noob.
cultivation
Yog hais tias fertilization ua tiav, cov noob capsules yuav tshwm sim ntawm orchid. Cov no poob tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej tom qab lawv siav thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem siv rau kev rho tawm cov noob thiab sowing. Tom qab qhib lub capsule, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account rau txhua hom kev cog qoob loo:
- Substrate, tag nrho cov kev pab thiab cov hlab ntsha yuav tsum tau sterilized, piv txwv li nrog boiling dej (tshwj tsis yog cog rau ntawm substrate)
- Cov hnab looj tes pov tseg yuav tsum tau hnav thaum tuav txhua qhov
- Kais lossis dej nag tuaj yeem muaj cov kab mob thiab cov khoom tsis zoo, yog li tsuas yog siv cov dej distilled thiab boiled xwb
- Cov noob tshuaj ntsiav nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau tshuaj tua kab mob nrog hydrogen peroxide ua ntej qhib
Yog vim li cas rau qhov zoo li kev ceev faj heev yog vim muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob orchid. Cov no tsis muaj cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb zoo li lwm cov noob. Yog li ntawd lawv tuaj yeem tsuas yog germinate yog tias lawv yog cov khoom siv dag zog los yog nyob hauv symbiosis nrog cov fungus tshwj xeeb uas rhuav tshem cov as-ham los ntawm substrate rau lawv. Thaum lub sij hawm no, txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog cov yooj yim heev thiab tuaj yeem raug puas los yog overgrown los ntawm lwm yam fungi, kab mob thiab kab mob hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Sterile workbench
Txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws kom loj hlob orchids los ntawm cov noob yog nyob rau ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm tsis muaj menyuam. Ntawm no cov noob raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob txawv teb chaws thiab tau muab cov khoom noj nruab nrab - ib yam li hauv chav kuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev siv tsev neeg ntiag tug thiab cov neeg nyob hauv tsev, kev siv zog tsuas yog qhov tsis sib xws thiab tseb cov noob hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis muaj menyuam yog li tsis pom zoo.
Nyob rau hauv substrate
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev cog qoob loo yog sowing ncaj qha rau ntawm niam cog. Lub substrate yog moistened zoo thiab cov noob muab tso rau ntawm nws. Qhov uas yuav tsum tau muaj fungus twb muaj nyob rau hauv lub substrate yog zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lub substrate yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav los yog qhuav tawm. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov av noo tsim nyog, peb pom zoo kom muab cov orchid tso rau hauv tsev cog khoom sab hauv tsev thiab txau nws nquag.
Tshuaj ntsuab
Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau cog rau ntawm tawv ntoo yog ib daim tawv ntoo. Qhov no yog thawj zaug ncuav nrog boiling dej thiab sterilized. Tom qab ntawd ua raws li hauv qab no:
- Yog li ntawd cov tawv ntoo nqa cov fungus tsim nyog, nws yuav tsum tau npog nrog substrate ntawm niam cov nroj tsuag li ob lub lis piam los yog muab tso ncaj qha rau saum nws.
- Tom qab ntawd cov tawv ntoo muab tso rau hauv dej distilled los yog txau nrog nws kom muag muag. Nws tuaj yeem ntub dej.
- Cov noob orchid yog cog rau lawv cog.
- Cov tawv ntoo npaj ua li no muab tso rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom sab hauv tsev lossis hauv lub thawv iav loj txaus thiab npog.
- Thaum qhov chaw qhuav tshwm rau ntawm cov tawv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau txau nrog dej dua.
Tea Towel method
Cov tshuaj yej phuam txoj kev tuaj yeem ua nrog lossis tsis muaj ntaub, tab sis nws yuav siv zog me ntsis thaum xub thawj. Cov lus qhia qhia tias nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm li cas:
- Ib lub lauj kaub av thiab cov tshuaj yej phuam tshiab nrog rau sphagnum moss thiab ntoo fibers yog sterilized nrog boiling dej.
- Ib nrab ntawm cov moss thiab ntoo fibers tau ntim rau hauv lub lauj kaub, ib nrab yog qhwv hauv daim ntaub thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub substrate. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov ntaub yuav tsum fim nrog rau sab du - piv txwv li tsis muaj wrinkles.
- Lub nkoj uas npaj ua li no yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub tais los yog ntawm lub coaster. Cov npoo yog txau thiab lub tais ntim nrog dej.
- Ob peb lub hauv paus tshiab yog txiav los ntawm niam cog thiab muab tso rau ntawm daim ntaub.
- Thaum kawg, cov noob orchid muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab lub thawv ntim nrog iav phaj.
Tom qab cov kev npaj no, dej tsuas yog ntxiv rau lub tais yog tias nws qhuav lawm. Yog tias daim ntaub qhuav rau saum npoo, nws tuaj yeem txau.
Tip:
Ntxiv nrog rau txoj kev qhia, tshwj xeeb loj hlob teeb rau orchids kuj muaj nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom.
Duration and aftercare
Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob peb lub lis piam lossis hli rau cov noob kom loj hlob mus rau hauv cov noob. Tsuas yog thaum lawv pom tseeb tias nplooj tuaj yeem raug txau nrog cov kua txiv orchid heev diluted thawj zaug. Yuav kom ua tiav qhov no, lub orchids yuav tsum tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib txwm chav tsev kub. Cov germinated tshiab tua tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov hloov pauv lossis tsuas yog tsis zoo. Yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag hluas muaj ob peb centimeters siab thiab muaj ob peb nplooj, lawv tuaj yeem maj mam weaned los ntawm cov av noo tsis tu ncua. Tom qab ntawd kev sib cais ceev faj thiab hloov mus rau hauv ib txwm orchid substrate tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo ib yam li niam cog.
Conclusion
Kev loj hlob orchids koj tus kheej tsis yooj yim lossis ua sai, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua tus neeg uas koom nrog qhov no yuav tsum paub tias nws yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev thiab saib xyuas ntau - tsawg kawg hauv kev npaj.
