Jerusalem artichoke muaj lub npe botanical Helianthus tuberosus thiab belongs rau tsev neeg daisy, txhais tau tias cov nroj tsuag belongs rau tib genus raws li ib txwm paj paj. Lub hauv paus tubers yog noj tau thiab tam sim no tau tsim los ntawm ntau cov zaub mov thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li cov nroj tsuag muaj txiaj ntsig, Jerusalem artichoke yog ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem noj tau ob qho tib si nyoos thiab siav. Thaum nws los txog rau cov khoom xyaw, cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xav tau ntau yam khoom noj tseem ceeb thiab fiber ntau, uas pab daws teeb meem ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv. Tam sim no muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm kev muab rau gourmets.
Keeb kwm
Yeluxalees artichoke yog Ameslikas los ntawm South America; Brazilian Khab los ntawm pawg neeg Tupinambá feem ntau yuav muaj lub luag haujlwm rau lub npe txawv txawv no. Cov paj ntawm cov qos yaj ywm zoo li cov qoob loo zoo li zoo ib yam li paj noob hlis, vim tias ob qho tib si nroj tsuag muaj tib lub genus. Jerusalem artichoke tuaj rau Tebchaws Europe nrog kev ua liaj ua teb thiab los ntawm qhov no nws pib muaj kev yeej thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias lub qab zib-tasting cag tuber tau hloov loj los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm hauv lub xyoo pua, nws tam sim no muaj kev rov qab los, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev cog qoob loo organic:
- Originally used as livestock feed and zaub
- South American Isdias Asmesliskas pom zoo cov cag tuber ua zaub mov noj qab heev
- Tseem muaj qhov ua kom qab los noj mov, zoo tagnrho rau kev taug kev ntev
- Txoj kev loj hlob muaj zog thiab nthuav dav kom muaj kev cog qoob loo zoo
- Ua raws li kev kho mob rau ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv
- Nws kuj yog hu ua lub ntiaj teb pear, lub ntiaj teb artichoke, lub ntiaj teb truffle, Indian tuber thiab qos yaj ywm qab zib
Cov khoom xyaw
Jerusalem artichoke yog cov calories tsawg heev; cov cag tubers muaj li ntawm 80% dej thiab ib ncig ntawm 16% carbohydrates. Cov carbohydrates muaj nyob hauv Jerusalem artichoke feem ntau yog cov polysaccharide inulin. Piv nrog cov qos yaj ywm hmoov txhuv nplej siab, inulin muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas nws tsuas yog ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce me me tom qab noj. Hauv qhov no, kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin hauv lub txiav tsuas yog nce ntxiv. Qhov no yog vim li cas Jerusalem artichoke yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg rog rog, tsis tsuas yog cov inulin muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis rau cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis nws kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv:
- Piv rau qos yaj ywm, Jerusalem artichokes tsuas muaj li 1/3 ntawm calories
- Nrog cov as-ham thiab fiber ntau
- Muaj cov zaub mov nram qab no: calcium, hlau, potassium, silica, tooj liab, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, selenium thiab zinc
- Nrog cov vitamins tseem ceeb: A, B1, B2, C 1, beta-carotene thiab nicotinic acid
- Cov khoom muaj kab thiab cov protein
- Inulin muaj cov nyhuv stimulating rau txoj hnyuv, txhawb cov kab mob ntawm bifidus thiab lacto kab mob
- Inulin repels teeb meem thiab carcinogenic nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv
- Inulin tam sim no siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj calorie hloov pauv
paj, kev loj hlob & cag tubers
Topinambur muaj lub zog loj hlob tuaj thiab sai sai kis mus rau thaj chaw dav, uas yog vim li cas cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau pruned thiab sau ntxov. Qee qhov seem ntawm cov cag tubers tseem nyob hauv av rau kev faib tawm ntxiv. Tubers txawv heev nyob ntawm ntau yam thiab sib txawv tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv loj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab xim. Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau paj, kev loj hlob thiab hauv paus tubers:
- Perennial thiab herbaceous crop with upright growth
- Txawm tias cov tubrog tawg rog txaus kom sprouts dua
- Loj hlob qhov siab raws li qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws txog li 3 m
- ntau ceg stems los ntawm tuber
- Qhov muag teev yog puag ncig, oval, menyuam lossis pear-puab
- Nplooj yog stalked thiab ovate, kwv yees li 7-10 cm dav thiab 10-25 cm ntev
- Ua zoo nkauj, zoo li paj noob hlis
- Inflorescences yog khob-zoo li tus thiab hermaphroditic
- Plaub lub sij hawm txij lub Yim Hli mus txog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg lig
- Nroog tuag saum av thaum kawg lub caij nplooj zeeg
- Cov noob tawv tawv thiab lub caij ntuj no hauv av tsis muaj teeb meem
- Cov tubers tuaj yeem sau los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav yog tias av tsis khov
Tip:
Lub hauv paus tubers sai sai poob lawv cov tshiab thiab muaj kua sib xws thaum lub sij hawm cia thiab ua limp thiab tasteless. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog qhov kom muaj nuj nqis rau kev noj tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau yuav lossis sau.
Saj & Npaj
Lub hauv paus tuber muaj qhov ntsim saj thiab tuaj yeem npaj tau ntau txoj hauv kev. Thaum nws los txog rau qhov sib xws thaum koj tom, qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem kos nrog carrots. Yog tias Jerusalem artichoke siv raw, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tso rau hauv ib lub tais ntawm dej txias tom qab tev thiab txiav thiab ntxiv me ntsis txiv qaub kua txiv, txwv tsis pub cov zaub yuav tig grey sai sai thiab tsis pom zoo. Lub hauv paus tubers tsis kav ntev tom qab sau, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau siv tam sim ntawd. Ntxiv nrog rau kev npaj zaub mov, cov tshuaj ntsuab saum toj no yog siv los ua zaub mov rau tsiaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tubers tuaj yeem siv los distill schnapps, uas yog cov lus qhia sab hauv ntawm cov neeg paub. Cov hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev saj thiab kev npaj:
- Raw tuber saj me thiab nutty
- Can npaj zoo li qos yaj ywm
- Nws ua tau kom boil, puree li kua zaub, kib li chips thiab ci
- Cua Jerusalem artichokes muaj qab zib me ntsis
- Tus saj yog reminiscent ntawm artichoke thiab salsify
- Grate raw tubers rau zaub xam lav
- Khoom qab zib kuj ua tau, grate lub tubers nyoos thiab ntxiv rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyias los yog soufflé
- Cov txuj lom tsim nyog: tshuaj ntsuab, qej, horseradish, nutmeg thiab txiv qaub kua txiv
- Yog hais tias koj muaj teeb meem nrog flatulence, ntxiv fennel thiab caraway noob
- Season sparingly with ntsev
Tip:
Yog hais tias lub qab zib saj tsis xav tau tom qab ua noj, ces ib co txiv qaub kua txiv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau lub Jerusalem artichoke thaum lub sij hawm ua noj ua haus.
Recommended ntau yam
Tam sim no Jerusalem artichokes muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib txawv los ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Ib txwm lub khw muag khoom tsis tshua muaj cov hauv paus tubers vim lawv tsuas muaj lub txee lub neej xwb. Cov xim ntawm cov plhaub yog los ntawm ib tug reddish xim av mus rau ib tug dawb daj. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias ntau yam nrog cov tawv nqaij sib dua muaj qhov saj me ntsis. Lub Jerusalem artichoke ntau yam tau bred rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Qhov loj ntawm tubers, tshuaj ntsuab tawm los thiab kev faib ua feem ntawm inulin ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sij hawm ntawm sau thiab xim ntawm tubers yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev yug me nyuam:
- Ntau yam txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: saj, paj lossis Lub sij hawm sau qoob, tuber xim, qhov loj me thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm tubers, npaj siv
- Zoo yellow: edible tuber, medium lig ripening, yellow tuber color, high harvest yield
- Topstar: edible tuber, thaum ntxov ripening, daj tuber xim
- Red zone pob: tshuaj ntsuab tawm los thiab cawv, nruab nrab- lig ripening lub sij hawm, liab tuber xim
- Bianca: edible tuber, thaum ntxov ripening lub sij hawm, daj tuber xim, loj hlob mus txog 2.5 m
- Hloov spindle: tshuaj ntsuab tawm los thiab cawv, nruab nrab- lig ripening lub sij hawm, liab tuber xim
- Violet de Rennes: edible tuber, nruab nrab lig ripening, liab tuber xim, loj hlob mus txog 2 m
- Topianka: tshuaj ntsuab tawm los thiab cawv, nruab nrab- lig ripening, daj tuber xim
- Henriette: edible tuber, thaum ntxov ripening, daj tuber xim
- Giant: edible tuber, thaum ntxov ripening, liab tuber xim
- Patate: edible tuber, nruab nrab lig ripening, liab tuber xim
- Sakhalinski rouge: edible tuber, nruab nrab lig ripening, liab tuber xim
- Völkerroder Spinde: Tau tuber, thaum ntxov ripening, daj tuber xim
- Lola: edible tuber, nruab nrab lig ripening, liab tuber xim
- Medius: edible tuber, medium lig ripening, yellow tuber color
- Fuseau 60: Cov tuber noj tau, nruab nrab lig ripening, cov ntxhais tubers
- Av ntau yam liab: edible tuber, lig ripening lub sij hawm, liab tuber xim
- Av ntau yam Dawb: Cov tuber noj tau, lig ripening lub sij hawm, dawb-daj tuber xim
- Dornburger: Tau tuber, lig ripening lub sij hawm, liab tuber xim
Conclusion
Jerusalem artichoke yog cov zaub hauv paus qab uas tuaj yeem npaj thiab siv ntau txoj hauv kev. Lub hauv paus tubers muaj calorie ntau tsawg piv rau qos yaj ywm thiab yog li nrov heev nrog cov neeg rog rog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qoob loo tsis tsim cov qos yaj ywm starch, tab sis theej inulin, uas tsuas yog ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce me ntsis. Vim li no, Jerusalem artichoke yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib ua ib qho kev hloov rau qos yaj ywm. Cov tubers muaj ntau cov vitamins tseem ceeb, nicotinic acid, biotin thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus potassium heev. Jerusalem artichoke kuj tseem muaj ntau cov kab tseem ceeb thiab cov zaub mov. Lub saj ntawm tubers yog hearty thiab me me, nrog ib tug nutty daim ntawv thaum raw. Thaum siav, cov hauv paus zaub muaj ib tug me ntsis qab zib tsw uas yog reminiscent ntawm carrots. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam ntau yam muaj, tab sis feem ntau tsuas yog los ntawm cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb vim cov tubers tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia ntev. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog txaus yuav tsum tau sau los yog yuav khoom noj kom nws txaus txaus rau cov khoom noj uas xav tau. Txwv tsis pub cov hauv paus tubers sai sai ua limp thiab poob lawv ntsim saj.
